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★★★★★
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Hire Dr. Mohammad A.
United Kingdom
Profile Summary
Subject Matter Expertise
Services
Work Experience

University of Salford

January 2015 - Present

Assistant professor

Higher Colleges of Technology

October 2010 - August 2014

University of Manchester

July 2003 - September 2010

Education

PhD in Inorganic Materials Chemistry (Chemistry)

University of Manchester

September 2000 - June 2004

BSc Chemistry (2:1) (Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry)

Aston University School of Engineering and Applied Science

July 1997 - September 2000

Certifications
  • Certification details not provided.
Publications
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(2017). Transparent Conductive Oxide Films for High-Performance Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells . IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics.
Mohammad Afzaal, Heather M. Yates, Arnaud Walter, Sylvain Nicolay, Christophe Ballif(2017). 1 cm2 {CH}3NH3PbI3 mesoporous solar cells with 17.8{\%} steady-state efficiency by tailoring front {FTO} electrodes . J. Mater. Chem. C. 5. (20). p. 4946--4950. Royal Society of Chemistry ({RSC})
M. Afzaal, B. Salhi, A. Al-Ahmed, H. M. Yates, A. S. Hakeem(2017). Surface-related properties of perovskite {CH}3NH3PbI3 thin films by aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition . J. Mater. Chem. C. 5. (33). p. 8366--8370. Royal Society of Chemistry ({RSC})
(2016). Translation Effects in Fluorine Doped Tin Oxide Thin Film Properties by Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapour Deposition . Coatings.
Gaskell, J.M. and Afzaal, M. and Sheel, D.W. and Yates, H.M. and Delfanazari, K. and Muskens, O.L.(2016). Optimised atmospheric pressure CVD of monoclinic VO2 thin films with picosecond phase transition . Surface and Coatings Technology. 287. p. 160-165.
(2016). Progression towards high efficiency perovskite solar cells via optimisation of the front electrode and blocking layer . Journal of Materials Chemistry C.
(2016). Aerosol-assisted CVD of cadmium diselenoimidodiphosphinate and formation of a new i Pr 2 N 2 P 3+ ion supported by combined DFT and mass spectrometric studies . Dalton Transactions.
Gaskell, J.M., Afzaal, M., Sheel, D.W., Yates, H.M., Delfanazari, K., Muskens, O.L.(2016). Optimised atmospheric pressure CVD of monoclinic VO<inf>2</inf> thin films with picosecond phase transition . Surface and Coatings Technology. 287. p. 160-165.
Banski, M., Afzaal, M., Malik, M.A., Podhorodecki, A., Misiewicz, J., O&#39;Brien, P.(2015). Special Role for Zinc Stearate and Octadecene in the Synthesis of Luminescent ZnSe Nanocrystals . Chemistry of Materials. 27. (11). p. 3797-3800.
Davies, H.O., Peek, B., Rochford, J., O&#39;Brien, P., Afzaal, M., Murin, C., Dawson, C.P.(2014). Synthesis and structural characterisation of a new tantalum hydroxylamide dimer . Inorganic Chemistry Communications. 44. p. 180-182.
Banski, M., Afzaal, M., Cha, D., Wang, X., Tan, H., Misiewicz, J., Podhorodecki, A.(2014). Crystal phase transition in Li<inf>x</inf>Na<inf>1-x</inf>GdF<inf>4</inf> solid solution nanocrystals - Tuning of optical properties . Journal of Materials Chemistry C. 2. (46). p. 9911-9917.
Banski, M., Podhorodecki, A., Misiewicz, J., Afzaal, M., Abdelhady, A.L., O&#39;Brien, P.(2013). Selective excitation of Eu&lt;sup&gt;3+&lt;/sup&gt; in the core of small β-NaGdF&lt;inf&gt;4&lt;/inf&gt; nanocrystals . Journal of Materials Chemistry C. 1. (4). p. 801-807.
Inoguchi, M., Afzaal, M., Tanaka, N., O&#39;Brien, P.(2012). The poly(ethylene glycol) assisted preparation of NH4TiOF 3 mesocrystals and their topotactic conversion to TiO2 . Journal of Materials Chemistry. 22. (48). p. 25123-25129.
Afzaal, M., Ahmad, K., O&#39;Brien, P.(2012). Probing the growth mechanism of self-catalytic lead selenide wires . Journal of Materials Chemistry. 22. (25). p. 12731-12735.
Banski, M., Afzaal, M., Podhorodecki, A., Misiewicz, J., Abdelhady, A.L., O&#39;Brien, P.(2012). Passivation of lanthanide surface sites in sub-10 nm NaYF 4:Eu 3+ nanocrystals . Journal of Nanoparticle Research. 14. (11).
Podhorodecki, A., Banski, M., Misiewicz, J., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Cha, D., Wang, X.(2012). Multicolor light emitters based on energy exchange between Tb and Eu ions co-doped into ultrasmall β-NaYF 4 nanocrystals . Journal of Materials Chemistry. 22. (12). p. 5356-5361.
Jia, X., Fan, H., Afzaal, M., Wu, X., O&#39;brien, P.(2011). Solid state synthesis of tin-doped ZnO at room temperature: Characterization and its enhanced gas sensing and photocatalytic properties . Journal of Hazardous Materials. 193. p. 194-199.
Akhtar, J., Afzaal, M., Banski, M., Podhorodecki, A., Syperek, M., Misiewicz, J., Bangert, U., Hardman, S.J.O., Graham, D.M., Flavell, W.R., et al.(2011). Controlled synthesis of tuned bandgap nanodimensional alloys of PbS xSe1-x . Journal of the American Chemical Society. 133. (14). p. 5602-5609.
Abdelhady, A.L., Afzaal, M., Malik, M.A., O&#39;Brien, P.(2011). Flow reactor synthesis of CdSe, CdS, CdSe/CdS and CdSeS nanoparticles from single molecular precursor(s) . Journal of Materials Chemistry. 21. (46). p. 18768-18775.
Akhtar, J., Afzaal, M., Vincent, M.A., Burton, N.A., Hillier, I.H., O&#39;Brien, P.(2011). Low temperature CVD growth of PbS films on plastic substrates . Chemical Communications. 47. (7). p. 1991-1993.
Afzaal, M., Rosenberg, C.L., Malik, M.A., White, A.J.P., O&#39;Brien, P.(2011). Phosphine stabilized copper(i) complexes of dithiocarbamates and xanthates and their decomposition pathways . New Journal of Chemistry. 35. (12). p. 2773-2780.
Akhtar, J., Afzaal, M., Vincent, M.A., Burton, N.A., Raftery, J., Hillier, I.H., O&#39;Brien, P.(2011). Understanding the decomposition pathways of mixed sulfur/selenium lead phosphinato complexes explaining the formation of lead selenide . Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 115. (34). p. 16904-16909.
Oyetunde, D., Afzaal, M., Vincent, M.A., Hillier, I.H., O&#39;Brien, P.(2011). Cadmium sulfide and cadmium phosphide thin films from a single cadmium compound . Inorganic Chemistry. 50. (6). p. 2052-2054.
Liu, X., Afzaal, M., Badcock, T., Dawson, P., O&#39;Brien, P.(2011). Conducting ZnO thin films with an unusual morphology: Large flat microcrystals with (0 0 0 1) facets perpendicular to the plane by chemical bath deposition . Materials Chemistry and Physics. 127. (1-2). p. 174-178.
Black, K., Jones, A.C., Bacsa, J., Chalker, P.R., Marshall, P.A., Davies, H.O., Heys, P.N., O&#39;Brien, P., Afzaal, M., Raftery, J., et al.(2010). Investigation of new 2,5-dimethylpyrrolyl titanium alkylamide and alkoxide complexes as precursors for the liquid injection mocvd of TiO<inf>2</inf> . Chemical Vapor Deposition. 16. (1-3). p. 93-99.
Leventis, H.C., O&#39;Mahony, F., Akhtar, J., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Haque, S.A.(2010). Transient optical studies of interfacial charge transfer at nanostructured metal oxide/PbS quantum Dot/Organic hole conductor heterojunctions . Journal of the American Chemical Society. 132. (8). p. 2743-2750.
Malik, M.A., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P.(2010). Precursor chemistry for main group elements in semiconducting materials . Chemical Reviews. 110. (7). p. 4417-4446.
Ahmad, K., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Hua, G., Derek Woollins, J.(2010). Morphological evolution of PbSe crystals via the CVD route . Chemistry of Materials. 22. (16). p. 4619-4624.
Panneerselvam, A., Periyasamy, G., Ramasamy, K., Afzaal, M., Malik, M.A., O&#39;Brien, P., Burton, N.A., Waters, J., Van Dongen, B.E.(2010). Factors controlling material deposition in the CVD of nickel sulfides, selenides or phosphides from dichalcogenoimidodiphosphinato complexes: Deposition, spectroscopic and computational studies . Dalton Transactions. 39. (26). p. 6080-6091.
Ritch, J.S., Chivers, T., Ahmad, K., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P.(2010). Synthesis, structures, and multinuclear NMR spectra of tin(II) and lead(II) complexes of tellurium-containing imidodiphosphinate ligands: Preparation of two morphologies of phase-pure PbTe from a single-source precursor . Inorganic Chemistry. 49. (3). p. 1198-1205.
Afzaal, M., Malik, M.A., O&#39;Brien, P.(2010). Chemical routes to chalcogenide materials as thin films or particles with critical dimensions with the order of nanometres . Journal of Materials Chemistry. 20. (20). p. 4031-4040.
Ahmad, K., Afzaal, M., Ritch, J.S., Chivers, T., O&#39;Brien, P.(2010). Epitaxial CdTe rods on Au/Si islands from a molecular compound . Journal of the American Chemical Society. 132. (17). p. 5964-5965.
Liu, X., Afzaal, M., Ramasamy, K., O&#39;Brien, P., Akhtar, J.(2009). Synthesis of ZnO hexagonal single-crystal slices with predominant (0001) and (0001) facets by poly(ethylene glycol)-assisted chemical bath deposition . Journal of the American Chemical Society. 131. (42). p. 15106-15107.
Safin, D.A., Mdluli, P.S., Revaprasadu, N., Ahmad, K., Afzaal, M., Helliwell, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Shakirova, E.R., Babashkina, M.G., Klein, A.(2009). Nanoparticles and thin films of silver from complexes of derivatives of N-(diisopropylthiophosphoryl) thioureas . Chemistry of Materials. 21. (18). p. 4233-4240.
Yang, J., Hyde, J.R., Wilson, J.W., Mallik, K., Sazio, P.J., O&#39;Brien, P., Malik, M.A., Afzaal, M., Nguyen, C.Q., George, M.W., et al.(2009). Continuous flow supercritical chemical fluid deposition of optoelectronic quality CdS . Advanced Materials. 21. (41). p. 4115-4119.
Shahid, M., Mazhar, M., Obrien, P., Afzaal, M., Raftery, J.(2009). Catena-Poly[dieth-yl(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-ammonium [[tetra - μ- acetato-κ<sup>8</sup> O:O′-dicuprate(II)(Cu - Cu)] - μ- ao-2 O:Oκ<sup>]</sup> dic′hloro-methane solvate] . Acta Crystallographica Section E: Structure Reports Online. 65. (2).
Behrendt, J.M., Afzaal, M., Alexander, L.M., Bradley, M., Hine, A.V., Nagel, D., O&#39;Brien, P., Presland, K., Sutherland, A.J.(2009). Thiol-containing microspheres as polymeric ligands for the immobilisation of quantum dots . Journal of Materials Chemistry. 19. (2). p. 215-221.
Robertson, S.D., Chivers, T., Akhtar, J., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P.(2008). Nickel(II) complexes of heterodichalcogenido and monochalcogenido imidodiphosphinate ligands: AACVD synthesis of nickel ditelluride . Dalton Transactions. (48). p. 7004-7011.
Hasegawa, Y., Adachi, T.-A., Tanaka, A., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Doi, T., Hinatsu, Y., Fujita, K., Tanaka, K., Kawai, T.(2008). Remarkable magneto-optical properties of europium selenide nanoparticles with wide energy gaps . Journal of the American Chemical Society. 130. (17). p. 5710-5715.
Jarvis, R.M., Johnson, H.E., Olembe, E., Panneerselvam, A., Malik, M.A., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Goodacre, R.(2008). Towards quantitatively reproducible substrates for SERS . Analyst. 133. (10). p. 1449-1452.
Bade, B.P., Garje, S.S., Niwate, Y.S., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P.(2008). Tribenzyltin(IV)chloride thiosemicarbazones: Novel single source precursors for growth of SnS thin films . Chemical Vapor Deposition. 14. (9-10). p. 292-295.
Panneerselvam, A., Malik, M.A., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Helliwell, M.(2008). The chemical vapor deposition of nickel phosphide or selenide thin films from a single precursor . Journal of the American Chemical Society. 130. (8). p. 2420-2421.
Afzaal, M., Malik, M.A., O&#39;Brien, P.(2007). Preparation of zinc containing materials . New Journal of Chemistry. 31. (12). p. 2029-2040.
Copsey, M.C., Panneerselvam, A., Afzaal, M., Chivers, T., O&#39;Brien, P.(2007). Syntheses, X-ray structures and AACVD studies of group 11 ditelluroimidodiphosphinate complexes . Dalton Transactions. (15). p. 1528-1538.
Fan, D., Afzaal, M., Mallik, M.A., Nguyen, C.Q., O&#39;Brien, P., Thomas, P.J.(2007). Using coordination chemistry to develop new routes to semiconductor and other materials . Coordination Chemistry Reviews. 251. (13-14 SPEC. ISS.). p. 1878-1888.
Ritch, J.S., Chivers, T., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P.(2007). The single molecular precursor approach to metal telluride thin films: Imino-bis(diisopropylphosphine tellurides) as examples . Chemical Society Reviews. 36. (10). p. 1622-1631.
Nguyen, C.Q., Afzaal, M., Malik, M.A., Helliwell, M., Raftery, J., O&#39;Brien, P.(2007). Novel inorganic rings and materials deposition . Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 692. (13). p. 2669-2677.
Davies, H.O., Jones, A.C., McKinnell, E.A., Raftery, J., Muryn, C.A., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P.(2006). Tantalum(v) diethylamide, [Ta(NEt2)5]: A potentially important and crystalline precursor for the CVD of oxides containing tantalum . Journal of Materials Chemistry. 16. (23). p. 2226-2228.
Li, Y., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P.(2006). The synthesis of amine-capped magnetic (Fe, Mn, Co, Ni) oxide nanocrystals and their surface modification for aqueous dispersibility . Journal of Materials Chemistry. 16. (22). p. 2175-2180.
Garje, S.S., Eisler, D.J., Ritch, J.S., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Chivers, T.(2006). A new route to antimony telluride nanoplates from a single-source precursor . Journal of the American Chemical Society. 128. (10). p. 3120-3121.
Adeogun, A., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P.(2006). Studies of molybdenum disulfide nanostructures prepared by AACVD using single-source precursors . Chemical Vapor Deposition. 12. (10). p. 597-599.
Hu, Y., Afzaal, M., Malik, M.A., O&#39;Brien, P.(2006). Deposition of copper selenide thin films and nanoparticles . Journal of Crystal Growth. 297. (1). p. 61-65.
Memon, A.A., Afzaal, M., Malik, M.A., Nguyen, C.Q., O&#39;Brien, P., Raftery, J.(2006). The N-alkyldithiocarbamato complexes [M(S2CNHR)2] (M = Cd(ii) Zn(ii); R = C2H5, C4H9, C6H13, C12H25); Their synthesis, thermal decomposition and use to prepare of nanoparticles and nanorods of CdS . Dalton Transactions. (37). p. 4499-4505.
Nguyen, C.Q., Adeogun, A., Afzaal, M., Malik, M.A., O&#39;Brien, P.(2006). Metal complexes of selenophosphinates from reactions with (R <inf>2</inf>PSe)<inf>2</inf>Se: [M(R<inf>2</inf>PSe<inf>2</inf>)<inf>n</inf>] (M = Zn<sup>II</sup>, Cd<sup>II</sup>, Pb<sup>II</sup>, In<sup>III</sup>, Ga <sup>III</sup>, Cu<sup>I</sup>, Bi<sup>III</sup>, Ni<sup>II</sup>; R = <sup>i</sup>Pr, Ph) . Chemical Communications. (20). p. 2182-2184.
Garje, S.S., Copsey, M.C., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Chivers, T.(2006). Erratum: Aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition of indium telluride thin films from (In(μ-Te)[N(iPr2PTe)2]) 3 (Journal of Materials Chemistry (2006) 16 DOI:10.1039/b608700k) . Journal of Materials Chemistry. 16. (46). p. 4548-4550.
Malik, M.A., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Halliwell, M.(2006). Synthesis of novel mixed indium(III) chalcogenolato complexes: Potential precursors for indium chalcogenides . Polyhedron. 25. (4). p. 864-868.
Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P.(2006). Recent developments in II-VI and III-VI semiconductors and their applications in solar cells . Journal of Materials Chemistry. 16. (17). p. 1597-1602.
Garje, S.S., Ritch, J.S., Eisler, D.J., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Chivers, T.(2006). Chemical vapour deposition of II-VI semiconductor thin films using M[(TePiPr2)2N]2 (M = Cd, Hg) as single-source precursors . Journal of Materials Chemistry. 16. (10). p. 966-969.
Garje, S.S., Copsey, M.C., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Chivers, T.(2006). Aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition of indium telluride thin films from (In(μ-Te)[N(&lt;sup&gt;i&lt;/sup&gt;Pr&lt;inf&gt;2&lt;/inf&gt;PTe)&lt;inf&gt;2&lt;/inf&gt;])&lt;inf&gt;3&lt;/inf&gt; . Journal of Materials Chemistry. 16. (46). p. 4542-4547.
Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P.(2006). Silica coated PbS nanowires . Journal of Materials Chemistry. 16. (12). p. 1113-1115.
Nguyen, C.Q., Adeogun, A., Afzaal, M., Malik, M.A., O&#39;Brien, P.(2006). Facile and reproducible syntheses of bis(dialkylselenophosphenyl)-selenides and -diselenides: X-ray structures of (<sup>i</sup>Pr<inf>2</inf>PSe) <inf>2</inf>Se, (<sup>i</sup>Pr<inf>2</inf>PSe)<inf>2</inf>Se<inf>2</inf> and (Ph<inf>2</inf>PSe)<inf>2</inf>Se . Chemical Communications. (20). p. 2179-2181.
Afzaal, M., Crouch, D., O&#39;Brien, P.(2005). Metal-organic chemical vapor deposition of indium selenide films using a single-source precursor . Materials Science and Engineering B: Solid-State Materials for Advanced Technology. 116. (3 SPEC.ISS.). p. 391-394.
Hasegawa, Y., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Wada, Y., Yanagida, S.(2005). A novel method for synthesizing EuS nanocrystals from a single-source precursor under white LED irradiation . Chemical Communications. (2). p. 242-243.
Srouji, F., Afzaal, M., Waters, J., O&#39;Brien, P.(2005). Single-source routes to cobalt sulfide and manganese sulfide thin films . Chemical Vapor Deposition. 11. (2). p. 91-94.
Afzaal, M., Flynn, E., Malik, M.A., O&#39;Brien, P., Motevalli, M.(2005). Mixed ligand chelates of copper(II) with substituted diamines . Polyhedron. 24. (9). p. 1101-1107.
Afzaal, M., Ellwood, K., Pickett, N.L., O&#39;Brien, P., Raftery, J., Waters, J.(2004). Growth of lead chalcogenide thin films using single-source precursors . Journal of Materials Chemistry. 14. (8). p. 1310-1315.
Afzaal, M., Malik, M.A., O&#39;Brien, P.(2004). Indium sulfide nanorods from single-source precursor . Chemical Communications. 10. (3). p. 334-335.
Malik, M.A., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Bangert, U., Hamilton, B.(2004). Single molecular precursor for synthesis of GaAs nanoparticles . Materials Science and Technology. 20. (8). p. 959-963.
Afzaal, M., Crouch, D.J., O&#39;Brien, P., Raftery, J., Skabara, P.J., White, A.J.P., Williams, D.J.(2004). The synthesis, X-ray structures and CVD studies of some group 11 complexes of iminobis(diisopropylphosphine selenides) and their use in the deposition of I/III/VI photovoltaic materials . Journal of Materials Chemistry. 14. (2). p. 233-237.
Afzaal, M., Crouch, D., Malik, M.A., Motevalli, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Park, J.-H., Woollins, J.D.(2004). Deposition of II-VI Thin Films by LP-MOCVD Using Novel Single-Source Precursors . European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. (1). p. 171-177.
Deivaraj, T.C., Park, J.-H., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Vittal, J.J.(2003). Novel bimetallic thiocarboxylate compounds as single-source precursors to binary and ternary metal sulfide materials . Chemistry of Materials. 15. (12). p. 2383-2391.
Park, J.-H., Afzaal, M., Helliwell, M., Malik, M.A., O&#39;Brien, P., Raftery, J.(2003). Chemical Vapor Deposition of Indium Selenide and Gallium Selenide Thin Films from Mixed Alkyl/Dialkylselenophosphorylamides . Chemistry of Materials. 15. (22). p. 4205-4210.
Afzaal, M., Crouch, D., O&#39;Brien, P., Park, J.-H.(2003). Metal-organic chemical vapor deposition of β-In2S3 thin films using a single-source approach . Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics. 14. (9). p. 555-557.
Park, J.-H., Afzaal, M., Kemmler, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Otway, D.J., Raftery, J., Waters, J.(2003). The deposition of thin films of CuME2 by CVD techniques (M = In, Ga and E = S, Se) . Journal of Materials Chemistry. 13. (8). p. 1942-1949.
Afzaal, M., Crouch, D., Malik, M.A., Motevalli, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Park, J.-H.(2003). Deposition of CdSe thin films using a novel single-source precursor; [MeCd{(SePiPr2)2N}]2 . Journal of Materials Chemistry. 13. (4). p. 639-640.
Afzaal, M., Aucott, S.M., Crouch, D., O&#39;Brien, P., Woollins, J.D., Park, J.-H.(2002). Deposition of MSe (M = Cd, Zn) films by LP-MOCVD from novel single-source precursors M[(SePPh<inf>2</inf>)<inf>2</inf>N]<inf>2</inf> . Chemical Vapor Deposition. 8. (5). p. 187-189.
Afzaal, M., Aucott, S.M., Crouch, D., O&#39;Brien, P., Woollins, J.D., Park, J.-H.(2002). Deposition of MSe (M = Cd, Zn) films by LP-MOCVD from novel single-source precursors M[(SePPh<inf>2</inf>)<inf>2</inf>N]<inf>2</inf> . Advanced Materials. 14. (17). p. 187-189+1183.
Deivaraj, T.C., Park, J.-H., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P., Vittal, J.J.(2001). Single-source precursors to ternary silver indium sulfide materials . Chemical Communications. (22). p. 2304-2305.
BOOK
Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P.(2013). Precursor Chemistry - Main Group Metal Chalcogenides . Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry II (Second Edition): From Elements to Applications. 1. p. 1001-1020.
CONFERENCE PAPER
Afzaal, M., Aksomaityte, G., O&#39;Brien, P., Cheng, F., George, M.W., Hector, A.L., Howdle, S.M., Hyde, J.R., Levason, W., Malik, M.A., et al.(2009). Supercritical chemical fluid deposition of high quality compound semiconductors . ECS Transactions. 25. (8 PART 2). p. 1193-1197.
Davies, H.O., Jones, A.C., Black, K., Bacsa, J., Chalker, P.R., Marshall, P.A., Heys, P.N., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P.(2009). Deposition of TiO<inf>2</inf> films by liquid injection ALD using new titanium 2,5-dimethylpyrrolyl complexes . ECS Transactions. 25. (8 PART 2). p. 813-819.
Akhtar, J., Bruce, J.C., Malik, M.A., Koch, K.R., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P.(2008). Deposition of phosphorus free PbSe thin film by aerosol assisted chemical vapour deposition . Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings. 1148. p. 167-172.
Memon, A.A., Malik, M.A., Afzaal, M., O&#39;Brien, P.(2005). N-alkyldithiocarbamato complexes [Cd(S2CNHR)2] (R = C2H5, C4H9, C6H 13, C12H25); synthesis, characterisation and deposition of II/VI nanoparticles . Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings. 879. p. 103-108.
Afzaal, M., Crouch, D., O&#39;Brien, P., Park, J.-H.(2002). Metal-organic chemical vapour deposition of II-VI semiconductor thin films using single-source approach . Materials Research Society Symposium - Proceedings. 730. p. 61-66.
Afzaal, M., Deivaraj, T.C., O&#39;Brien, P., Park, J.-H., Vittal, J.J.(2002). Single-source approach for the growth of I-III-VI thin films . Materials Research Society Symposium - Proceedings. 730. p. 185-190.
Afzaal, M., Malik, M.A., O&#39;Brien, P., Park, J.-H.(2002). Deposition of II/VI thin films from novel single-source precursors . Materials Research Society Symposium - Proceedings. 744. p. 237-242.
Afzaal, M., Crouch, D., O&#39;Brien, P., Park, J.-H.(2002). New approach towards the deposition of I-III-VI thin films . Materials Research Society Symposium - Proceedings. 692. p. 215-220.