Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Oliver Lamb, Miriam Reiss, Liam Bramwell, Christine Moutell, Corentin Caudron, Alexander Yates (2026). Tracking Tremor and Drumbeat Locations during the 2022 Unrest Episode of Ruapehu volcano, Aotearoa New Zealand .

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Henriette Bakkar Hindeleh, Corentin Caudron, Javier F. Pacheco, Leonardo van der Laat, Waldo Taylor, Guillermo E. Alvarado, Mauricio M. Mora, J. Maarten de Moor, Jessica Salas-Navarro, et al. (2026).  An Overview of Seismo-Acoustic and Eruptive Activity at Rincón de la Vieja Volcano .

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Martha Savage, Richard Arnold, Yosuke Aoki, Jessica Johnson, Hubert Zal (2025). Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Seismic Anisotropy on Volcanoes and Geothermal Areas .

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Martin Musila, Francesco Civilini, Cynthia Ebinger, Ian Bastow, Rita Kounoudis, Chris Ogden (2025). Rayleigh and Love Wave Tomographic Imaging of Heterogeneous Crust in a magmatic rift: the Turkana Depression, East Africa .

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Sophie Aber, Andrew Gase, Cynthia Ebinger, Cirus Kalugana, Samia Sabir, Ian James Hamling, Martha Kane Savage, Jennifer Dawn Eccles, Sigrún Hreinsdóttir, et al. (2024). Cascading earthquake swarms in the northern Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand .

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Eleanor Mestel, Martha Savage, Colin Wilson, Sigrún Hreinsdóttir(2026). Characterisation of the 2022–23 unrest episode at Taupō volcano, Aotearoa New Zealand .

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Oliver Lamb, Miriam Reiss, Liam Bramwell, Christine Moutell, Corentin Caudron, Alexander Yates(2026). Tracking Tremor and Drumbeat Locations during the 2022 Unrest Episode of Ruapehu volcano, Aotearoa New Zealand .

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Henriette Bakkar Hindeleh, Corentin Caudron, Javier F Pacheco, Leonardo van der Laat, Waldo Taylor, Guillermo E Alvarado, Mauricio M Mora, J Maarten de Moor, Jessica Salas-Navarro, et al.(2026).  An Overview of Seismo-Acoustic and Eruptive Activity at Rincón de la Vieja Volcano .

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Martha Savage, Richard Arnold, Yosuke Aoki, Jessica Johnson, Hubert Zal(2025). Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Seismic Anisotropy on Volcanoes and Geothermal Areas .

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Martin Musila, Francesco Civilini, Cynthia Ebinger, Ian Bastow, Rita Kounoudis, Chris Ogden(2025). Rayleigh and Love Wave Tomographic Imaging of Heterogeneous Crust in a magmatic rift: the Turkana Depression, East Africa .

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Bethany Hughes, Eleanor Mestel, John Townend, Chantujan Chandrakumar, Raj Prasanna (2025). Using citizen science Raspberry Shake seismometers to enhance earthquake location and characterization: a case study from Wellington, New Zealand . Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Sophie Aber, Andrew Gase, Cynthia Ebinger, Cirus Kalugana, Samia Sabir, Ian James Hamling, Martha Kane Savage, Jennifer Dawn Eccles, Sigrún Hreinsdóttir, et al.(2024). Cascading earthquake swarms in the northern Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand .

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, OK Mark, John Townend, Simon Barker (2024). Evidence From Intermediate-Depth Earthquakes of Slab-Derived Fluids Beneath the Taupō Volcanic Zone . Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, OK Mark, John Townend, Simon Barker (2024). Evidence From Intermediate-Depth Earthquakes of Slab-Derived Fluids Beneath the Taupō Volcanic Zone . Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, OK Mark, John Townend, Simon Barker (2024). Evidence From Intermediate-Depth Earthquakes of Slab-Derived Fluids Beneath the Taupō Volcanic Zone . Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, J Schuler, S Hreinsdóttir, C Holden, John Townend, P Villamor (2024). The Response of Taupō Volcano to the M7.8 Kaikōura Earthquake . Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, J Schuler, S Hreinsdóttir, C Holden, John Townend, P Villamor (2024). The Response of Taupō Volcano to the M7.8 Kaikōura Earthquake . Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Shao-Jinn Chin, Rupert Sutherland, Martha Savage, John Townend, Julien Collot, Pelletier Bernard, Olivier Monge (2024). Earthquakes and Seismic Hazard in Southern New Caledonia, Southwest Pacific . Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, RFD McGregor, John Townend (2023). The 2001 Taupō Fault Belt Seismicity as Evidence of Magma-Tectonic Interaction at Taupō Volcano . Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Sigrún Hreinsdóttir (2026). Preliminary InSAR Results for "Swarm activity at the boundary between magmatic and tectonic rift segments: The March 2023 Kawerau 5 seismic swarm (Okataina, North Island, New Zealand)" . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Bethany Hughes, Eleanor R. H. Mestel, John Townend, Chengxin Jiang, Meghan Miller (2025). Earthquake catalogue for Wairakei-Tauhara geothermal field, New Zealand: September–November 2023 . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Eleanor Mestel (2025). Earthquake catalogue for the Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand, 2007–2024 . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Eleanor R. H. Mestel, Kelvin Tapuke, Colin Wilson, Chengxin Jiang, Meghan Miller, Robert Pickle (2025). Ōkataina volcano nodal seismic network . International Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Liam Bramwell, Ery Hughes (2024). Drumbeat and low frequency catalogue for 2022 unrest at Ruapehu volcano, New Zealand . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Liam Bramwell, Ery Hughes (2024). Drumbeat and low frequency catalogue for 2022 unrest at Ruapehu volcano, New Zealand . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Liam Bramwell, Ery Hughes (2024). Drumbeat and low frequency catalogue for 2022 unrest at Ruapehu volcano, New Zealand . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Liam Bramwell, Ery Hughes (2024). Drumbeat and low frequency catalogue for 2022 unrest at Ruapehu volcano, New Zealand . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Liam Bramwell, Ery Hughes (2024). Drumbeat and low frequency catalogue for 2022 unrest at Ruapehu volcano, New Zealand . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Liam Bramwell, Ery Hughes (2024). Drumbeat and low frequency catalogue for 2022 unrest at Ruapehu volcano, New Zealand . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Liam Bramwell, Ery Hughes (2024). Drumbeat and low frequency catalogue for 2022 unrest at Ruapehu volcano, New Zealand . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Bethany Hughes, Eleanor Mestel, John Townend, Chanthujan Chandrakumar, Raj Prasanna (2024). Earthquake Catalogue for Wellington Region located with RaspberryShakes . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Bethany Hughes, Eleanor Mestel, John Townend, Chanthujan Chandrakumar, Raj Prasanna (2024). Earthquake Catalogue for Wellington Region located with RaspberryShakes . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Eleanor Mestel (2024). Earthquake catalogue for the Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand, 2007–2024 . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Sigrun Hreinsdottir, Jessica Schuler (2024). Detrended and corrected GNSS data from Lake Taupō, New Zealand, 2014–2021 . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp (2023). Intermediate depth earthquakes at the Hikurangi subduction zone, New Zealand . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Chengxin Jiang, Meghan Miller (2023). Wairakei Earthquake and Tomography Array (WETA) . International Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp (2022). Earthquake catalogue for the Taupō region: 2010–2019 . Zenodo.

Ross F. D. McGregor, Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, John Townend (2022). Earthquake catalogue for the Taupō Fault Belt, New Zealand, 2001 . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Peter Otway, Eleanor Mestel (2021). Lake Levelling Data from Lake Taupō, 1979-2021 . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp (2021). Data associated with "Volcanic unrest at Taupō volcano in 2019: Causes, mechanisms and implications" by Illsley-Kemp et al . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Frank Zwaan, Giacomo Corti, Derek Keir, Federico Sani, Ameha Muluneh, Mauro Papini (2020). Geological data from the Western Afar Margin, East Africa . GFZ Data Services.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp (2019). Seismic anisotropy dataset from Illsley-Kemp et al., G3, 2019 (in review) . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp (2019). Seismic anisotropy dataset from Illsley-Kemp et al., G3, 2019 (in review) . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp (2019). Seismic anisotropy dataset from Illsley-Kemp et al., G3, 2019 (in review) . Zenodo.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Eleanor R. H. Mestel, Tyronne (Bubs) Smith, Kelvin Tapuke, Lucy Kaiser, Ian Connon, David Johnston, Colin Wilson, Graham Leonard, Mary Anne Clive, et al. (2019). Eruption or Catastrophe: Learning to Implement Preparedness for future Supervolcano Eruptions . International Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks.

E R H Mestel, F Illsley-Kemp, M K Savage, C J N Wilson, B Smith, S Hreinsdóttir(2025). Seismicity From Modern Magmatic Activity Beneath Taupō Volcano, Aotearoa New Zealand . Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Solid Earth. 130. (9).

Eleanor R. H. Mestel, Finnigan Illsley‐Kemp, Martha K. Savage, Colin J. N. Wilson, Bubs Smith, Sigrún Hreinsdóttir (2025). Seismicity From Modern Magmatic Activity Beneath Taupō Volcano, Aotearoa New Zealand . Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth.

L A Bramwell, F Illsley-Kemp, E C Hughes, S Butcher, O D Lamb, Y Behr(2025). Source dynamics of Ruapehu’s 2022 volcanic unrest: insights from drumbeat seismicity, tremor, and crater lake signals . Bulletin of Volcanology. 87. (6).

E R H Mestel, B Smith, K Tapuke, F Illsley-Kemp, L Kaiser, I Connon, D Johnston, C J N Wilson, G Leonard, M A T Clive, et al.(2025). Mahi Tahi - Rū Whenua: Tangata Whenua & Kairangahau Pūtaiao. Reflective Learnings on Partnering With Indigenous Māori Communities in Field-Based Scientific Research . Community Science. 4. (2).

Eleanor R. H. Mestel, Bubs Smith, Kelvin Tapuke, Finnigan Illsley‐Kemp, Lucy Kaiser, Ian Connon, David Johnston, Colin J. N. Wilson, Graham Leonard, Mary Anne T. Clive, et al. (2025). Mahi Tahi ‐ Rū Whenua: Tangata Whenua & Kairangahau Pūtaiao. Reflective Learnings on Partnering With Indigenous Māori Communities in Field‐Based Scientific Research . Community Science.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Liam A. Bramwell, Ery C. Hughes, Sophie Butcher, Oliver D. Lamb, Yannik Behr (2025). Source dynamics of Ruapehu’s 2022 volcanic unrest: insights from drumbeat seismicity, tremor, and crater lake signals . Bulletin of Volcanology.

S Aber, C J Ebinger, A C Gase, C Kalugana, F Illsley-Kemp, I Hamling, S Sabir, M K Savage, J Eccles, S Hreinsdottir, et al.(2025). Cascading Earthquake Swarms in the Northern Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 26. (4).

S. Aber, C. J. Ebinger, A. C. Gase, C. Kalugana, F. Illsley‐Kemp, I. Hamling, S. Sabir, M. K. Savage, J. Eccles, S. Hreinsdottir, et al. (2025). Cascading Earthquake Swarms in the Northern Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Kristian Hansen, Simon Barker, Craig Anslow, Christof Mueller, Graham Leonard (2025). VolcanoVR: A virtual reality environment for volcanic data visualisation and communication . Volcanica.

K Hansen, S J Barker, F Illsley-Kemp, C Anslow, C Mueller, G Leonard(2025). VolcanoVR: A virtual reality environment for volcanic data visualisation and communication . Volcanica. 8. (1). p. 175--187.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Eleanor Mestel(2025). A new consistent and high-precision earthquake catalogue for the Taupō Volcanic Zone, New Zealand . Seismica. 4. (1). McGill University Library and Archives

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Bethany Hughes, Eleanor Mestel, John Townend, Chantujan Chandrakumar, Raj Prasanna(2025). Using citizen science Raspberry Shake seismometers to enhance earthquake location and characterization: a case study from Wellington, New Zealand . Seismica. 4. (1). McGill University Library and Archives

B. Steinke, A. D. Jolly, T. Girona, C. Caudron, L. A. Bramwell, S. J. Cronin, F. Illsley‐Kemp, E. C. Hughes (2024). Dynamics and Detection of Pulsed Tremor at Whakaari (White Island), Aotearoa New Zealand . Geophysical Research Letters.

B Steinke, A D Jolly, T Girona, C Caudron, L A Bramwell, S J Cronin, F Illsley-Kemp, E C Hughes(2024). Dynamics and Detection of Pulsed Tremor at Whakaari (White Island), Aotearoa New Zealand . Geophysical Research Letters. 51. (20).

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Henriette Bakkar Hindeleh, Martha Savage, Eleanor R. H. Mestel (2024). How a non harmonic-like tremor at a volcanic lake could be caused by sustained wind: A case of study of Taupō volcano . Volcanica.

O K Mark, F Illsley-Kemp, J Townend, S J Barker(2024). Evidence From Intermediate-Depth Earthquakes of Slab-Derived Fluids Beneath the Taupō Volcanic Zone . Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Solid Earth. 129. (5).

J Schuler, S Hreinsdóttir, F Illsley-Kemp, C Holden, J Townend, P Villamor(2024). The Response of Taupō Volcano to the M7.8 Kaikōura Earthquake . Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Solid Earth. 129. (5).

O. K. Mark, F. Illsley‐Kemp, J. Townend, S. J. Barker (2024). Evidence From Intermediate‐Depth Earthquakes of Slab‐Derived Fluids Beneath the Taupō Volcanic Zone . Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth.

J. Schuler, S. Hreinsdóttir, F. Illsley‐Kemp, C. Holden, J. Townend, P. Villamor (2024). The Response of Taupō Volcano to the M7.8 Kaikōura Earthquake . Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth.

Peter M. Otway, Finnigan Illsley‐Kemp, Eleanor R. H. Mestel (2024). Taupō volcano's restless nature revealed by 42 years of deformation surveys, 1979–2021 . New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics.

P M Otway, F Illsley-Kemp, E R H Mestel(2024). Taupō volcano’s restless nature revealed by 42 years of deformation surveys, 1979–2021 . New Zealand Journal of Geology, and Geophysics. 67. (1). p. 3--19.

H Bakkar, M Savage, F Illsley-Kemp, E R H Mestel(2024). How a non-harmonic-like tremor at a volcanic lake could be caused by sustained wind: A case of study of Taupō volcano . Volcanica. 7. (2). p. 749--764.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Oliver Lamb, Stephen Bannister, John Ristau, Craig Miller, Steve Sherburn, Katie Jacobs, Jonathan Hanson, Elisabetta D'Anastasio, Sigrún Hreinsdóttir, et al.(2024). Seismic characteristics of the 2022-2023 unrest episode at Taupō volcano, Aotearoa New Zealand . Seismica. 3. (2). McGill University Library and Archives

Susan Ellis, Simon J. Barker, Colin J. N. Wilson, I. Hamling, Sigrun Hreinsdottir, Finnigan Illsley‐Kemp, Eleanor R. H. Mestel, James D. Muirhead, Bubs Smith, (Ngāti Tūw, Graham Leonard, et al. (2023). Taupōinflate: illustrating detection limits of magmatic inflation below Lake Taupō . New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics.

M Musila, C J Ebinger, I D Bastow, G Sullivan, S J Oliva, E Knappe, M Perry, R Kounoudis, C S Ogden, R Bendick, et al.(2023). Active Deformation Constraints on the Nubia-Somalia Plate Boundary Through Heterogenous Lithosphere of the Turkana Depression . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 24. (9).

S Ellis, S J Barker, C J N Wilson, I Hamling, S Hreinsdottir, F Illsley-Kemp, E R H Mestel, J D Muirhead, B Smith, G Leonard, et al.(2023). Taupōinflate: illustrating detection limits of magmatic inflation below Lake Taupō . New Zealand Journal of Geology, and Geophysics. 66. (4). p. 571--588.

Shao‐Jinn Chin, Rupert Sutherland, Martha K. Savage, John Townend, Julien Collot, Bernard Pelletier, Olivier Monge, Finnigan Illsley‐Kemp (2022). Earthquakes and Seismic Hazard in Southern New Caledonia, Southwest Pacific . Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth.

R F D McGregor, F Illsley-Kemp, J Townend(2022). The 2001 Taupō Fault Belt Seismicity as Evidence of Magma-Tectonic Interaction at Taupō Volcano . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 23. (11).

The 2001 Taupō Fault Belt Seismicity as Evidence of Magma‐Tectonic Interaction at Taupō Volcano <head> <META HTTP-EQUIV="Refresh" CONTENT="0;URL=/servlet/useragent"> </head> . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.

A decade of earthquake activity at Taupō Volcano, New Zealand <head> <META HTTP-EQUIV="Refresh" CONTENT="0;URL=/servlet/useragent"> </head> . Volcanica.

A Ahmed, C Doubre, S Leroy, D Keir, C Pagli, J O S Hammond, A Ayele, M Be de Berc, M Grunberg, J Vergne, et al.(2022). Across and along-strike crustal structure variations of the western Afar margin and adjacent plateau: Insights from receiver functions analysis . Journal of African Earth Sciences. 192.

J D Muirhead, F Illsley-Kemp, S J Barker, P Villamor, C J N Wilson, P Otway, E R H Mestel, G S Leonard, S Ellis, M K Savage, et al.(2022). Stretching, Shaking, Inflating: Volcanic-Tectonic Interactions at a Rifting Silicic Caldera . Frontiers in Earth Science. 10.

F Illsley-Kemp, P Herath, C J Chamberlain, K Michailos, C J N Wilson(2022). A decade of earthquake activity at Taupō Volcano, New Zealand . Volcanica. 5. (2). p. 335--348.

C J N Wilson, G F Cooper, K J Chamberlain, S J Barker, M L Myers, F Illsley-Kemp, J Farrell(2021). No single model for supersized eruptions and their magma bodies . Nature Reviews Earth and Environment. 2. (9). p. 610--627.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Colin J. N. Wilson, George F. Cooper, Katy J. Chamberlain, Simon J. Barker, Madison L. Myers, Jamie Farrell (2021). No single model for supersized eruptions and their magma bodies . Nature Reviews Earth & Environment.

F Illsley-Kemp, S J Barker, C J N Wilson, C J Chamberlain, S Hreinsd&#243;ttir, S Ellis, I J Hamling, M K Savage, E R H Mestel, F B Wadsworth(2021). Volcanic Unrest at Taupō Volcano in 2019: Causes, Mechanisms and Implications . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 22. (6).

Finnigan Illsley‐Kemp, Simon J. Barker, Colin J. N. Wilson, Calum J. Chamberlain, Sigr&#250;n Hreinsd&#243;ttir, Susan Ellis, Ian J. Hamling, Martha K. Savage, Eleanor R. H. Mestel, Fabian B. Wadsworth (2021). Volcanic Unrest at Taupō Volcano in 2019: Causes, Mechanisms and Implications . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.

Simon J. Barker, Colin J.N. Wilson, Finnigan Illsley‐Kemp, Graham S. Leonard, Eleanor R.H. Mestel, Kate Mauriohooho, Bruce L.A. Charlier (2021). Taupō: an overview of New Zealand's youngest supervolcano . New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics.

T W Benson, F Illsley-Kemp, H C Elms, I J Hamling, M K Savage, C J N Wilson, E R H Mestel, S J Barker(2021). Earthquake Analysis Suggests Dyke Intrusion in 2019 Near Tarawera Volcano, New Zealand . Frontiers in Earth Science. 8.

S J Barker, C J N Wilson, F Illsley-Kemp, G S Leonard, E R H Mestel, K Mauriohooho, B L A Charlier(2021). Taupō: an overview of New Zealand's youngest supervolcano . New Zealand Journal of Geology, and Geophysics. 64. (2-3). p. 320--346.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Simon Barker, Colin Wilson, Calum Chamberlain, S Hreinsd&#243;ttir, S Ellis, IJ Hamling, Martha Savage, Eleanor Mestel, FB Wadsworth (2021). Volcanic Unrest at Taupō Volcano in 2019: Causes, Mechanisms and Implications . Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, TW Benson, HC Elms, IJ Hamling, Martha Savage, Colin Wilson, Eleanor Mestel, Simon Barker (2021). Earthquake Analysis Suggests Dyke Intrusion in 2019 Near Tarawera Volcano, New Zealand . Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington.

F Zwaan, G Corti, F Sani, D Keir, A A Muluneh, F Illsley-Kemp, M Papini(2020). Structural Analysis of the Western Afar Margin, East Africa: Evidence for Multiphase Rotational Rifting . Tectonics. 39. (7).

Mechanism for deep crustal seismicity: Insight from modeling of deformation process at the Main Ethiopian Rift @article{c05cfa73cc80433a8922d8a00326ebe6, title = "Mechanism for deep crustal seismicity: Insight from modeling of deformation process at the Main Ethiopian Rift", abstract = "We combine numerical modeling of lithospheric extension with analysis of seismic moment release and earthquake b-value in order to elucidate the mechanism for deep crustal seismicity and seismic swarms in the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER). We run 2-D numerical simulations of lithospheric deformation calibrated by appropriate rheology and extensional history of the MER to simulate migration of deformation from mid-Miocene border faults to ∼30 km wide zone of Pliocene to recent rift floor faults. While currently the highest strain rate is localized in a narrow zone within the rift axis, brittle strain has been accumulated in a wide region of the rift. The magnitude of deviatoric stress shows strong variation with depth. The uppermost crust deforms with maximum stress of 80 MPa, at 8–14 km depth stress sharply decreases to 10 MPa and then increases to a maximum of 160 MPa at ∼18 km depth. These two peaks at which the crust deforms with maximum stress of 80 MPa or above correspond to peaks in the seismic moment release. Correspondingly, the drop in stress at 8–14 km correlates to a low in seismic moment release. At this depth range, the crust is weaker and deformation is mainly accommodated in a ductile manner. We therefore see a good correlation between depths at which the crust is strong and elevated seismic deformation, while regions where the crust is weaker deform more aseismically. Overall, the bimodal depth distribution of seismic moment release is best explained by the rheology of the deforming crust.", keywords = "Main Ethiopian Rift, earthquakes, numerical modeling, strain rate", author = "Ameha Muluneh and Sascha Brune and Finnigan Illsley-Kemp and Giacomo Corti and Derek Keir and Anne Glerum and Tesfaye Kidane and Jim Mori", note = "Funding Information: A. M. acknowledges the support from DFG under the TWAS-DFG cooperation visit to conduct the numerical modeling experiment at GFZ, Potsdam, Germany. S. B. and A. G. were funded through the Helmholtz Young Investigators Group CRYSTALS under Grant VH-NG-1132. F. I. K. is funded by ECLIPSE Programme, which is funded by the New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment. This research is supported by the NERC through Grant NE/L013932/1 and from Ministero Universit? e Ricerca (MiUR) through PRIN Grant 2017P9AT72. Detailed and constructive reviews by Harro Schmeling and Patrice Rey greatly improved the manuscript. We thank the Computational Infrastructure for Geodynamics (CIG) for supporting the development of ASPECT, which is funded by the National Science Foundation under Awards EAR-0949446 and EAR-1550901. Open access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright}2020. The Authors.", year = "2020", month = jul, day = "1", doi = "10.1029/2020GC008935", language = "English", volume = "21", journal = "Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems", issn = "1525-2027", publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell", number = "7", } . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.

A A Muluneh, S Brune, F Illsley-Kemp, G Corti, D Keir, A Glerum, T Kidane, J Mori(2020). Mechanism for Deep Crustal Seismicity: Insight From Modeling of Deformation Processes at the Main Ethiopian Rift . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 21. (7).

F. Zwaan, G. Corti, F. Sani, D. Keir, A. A. Muluneh, F. Illsley‐Kemp, M. Papini (2020). Structural Analysis of the Western Afar Margin, East Africa: Evidence for Multiphase Rotational Rifting . Tectonics.

Structural analysis of the Western Afar Margin, East Africa: evidence for multiphase rotational rifting @article{b8ee8122a9c648478f481a2fcb02a028, title = "Structural analysis of the Western Afar Margin, East Africa: evidence for multiphase rotational rifting", abstract = "The Afar region in East Africa represents a key location to study continental breakup. We present an integrated structural analysis of the Western Afar Margin (WAM) aiming to better understand rifted margin development and the role of plate rotation during rifting. New structural information from remote sensing, fieldwork, and earthquake data sets reveals that the N-S striking WAM is still actively deforming and is characterized by NNW-SSE normal faulting as well as a series of marginal grabens. Seismicity distribution analysis and the first-ever borehole-calibrated sections of this developing passive margin show recent slip concentrated along antithetic faults. Tectonic stress parameters derived from earthquake focal mechanisms reveal different extension directions along the WAM (82°N), in Afar (66°N) and in the Main Ethiopian Rift (108°N). Fault slip analysis along the WAM yields the same extension direction. Combined with GPS data, this shows that current tectonics in Afar is dominated by the local rotation of the Danakil Block, considered to have occurred since 11 Ma. Earlier stages of Afar development (since 31–25 Ma) were most likely related to the large-scale rotation of the Arabian plate. Various authors have proposed scenarios for the evolution of the WAM. Any complete model should consider, among other factors, the multiphase tectonic history and antithetic fault activity of the margin. The findings of this study are not only relevant for a better understanding of the WAM but also provide insights into the role of multiphase rotational extension during rifting and passive margin formation in general.", keywords = "Afar, East African rift, continental breakup, passive margin formation, rifting, rotational rifting", author = "Frank Zwaan and Giacomo Corti and Federico Sani and Derek Keir and Ameha Muluneh and Finnigan Illsley-Kemp and Mauro Papini", year = "2020", month = jul, doi = "10.1029/2019TC006043", language = "English", volume = "39", journal = "Tectonics", issn = "0278-7407", publisher = "John Wiley and Sons Inc", number = "7", } . Tectonics.

Ameha A. Muluneh, Sascha Brune, Finnigan Illsley‐Kemp, Giacomo Corti, Derek Keir, Anne Glerum, Tesfaye Kidane, Jim Mori (2020). Mechanism for Deep Crustal Seismicity: Insight From Modeling of Deformation Processes at the Main Ethiopian Rift . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.

F Illsley-Kemp, S J Barker, B Smith, C J N Wilson(2020). IMPLICATIONS OF A SUPERVOLCANO’S SEISMICITY . Eos. 101. (6). p. 28--32.

S J Barker, M C Rowe, C J N Wilson, J A Gamble, S M Rooyakkers, R J Wysoczanski, F Illsley-Kemp, C C Kenworthy(2020). What lies beneath? Reconstructing the primitive magmas fueling voluminous silicic volcanism using olivine-hosted melt inclusions . Geology. 48. (5). p. 504--508.

G Corti, R Cioni, Z Franceschini, F Sani, S Scaillet, P Molin, I Isola, F Mazzarini, S Brune, D Keir, et al.(2019). Aborted propagation of the Ethiopian rift caused by linkage with the Kenyan rift . Nature Communications. 10. (1).

F Illsley-Kemp, M K Savage, C J N Wilson, S Bannister(2019). Mapping Stress and Structure From Subducting Slab to Magmatic Rift: Crustal Seismic Anisotropy of the North Island, New Zealand . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 20. (11). p. 5038--5056.

Finnigan Illsley‐Kemp, Martha K. Savage, Colin J. N. Wilson, Stephen Bannister (2019). Mapping Stress and Structure From Subducting Slab to Magmatic Rift: Crustal Seismic Anisotropy of the North Island, New Zealand . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.

C J Ebinger, S J Oliva, T Q Pham, K Peterson, P Chindandali, F Illsley-Kemp, C Drooff, D J Shillington, N J Accardo, R J Gallacher, et al.(2019). Kinematics of Active Deformation in the Malawi Rift and Rungwe Volcanic Province, Africa . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 20. (8). p. 3928--3951.

C. J. Ebinger, Sarah Jaye Oliva, Thi‐Quan Pham, Katherine Peterson, Patrick Chindandali, Finnigan Illsley‐Kemp, Connor Drooff, Donna J. Shillington, Natalie J. Accardo, Ryan J. Gallacher, et al. (2019). Kinematics of Active Deformation in the Malawi Rift and Rungwe Volcanic Province, Africa . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.

Aborted propagation of the Ethiopian rift caused by linkage with the Kenyan rift @article{8d82c018226144cc933b6356b11f49f5, title = "Aborted propagation of the Ethiopian rift caused by linkage with the Kenyan rift", abstract = "Continental rift systems form by propagation of isolated rift segments that interact, and eventually evolve into continuous zones of deformation. This process impacts many aspects of rifting including rift morphology at breakup, and eventual ocean-ridge segmentation. Yet, rift segment growth and interaction remain enigmatic. Here we present geological data from the poorly documented Ririba rift (South Ethiopia) that reveals how two major sectors of the East African rift, the Kenyan and Ethiopian rifts, interact. We show that the Ririba rift formed from the southward propagation of the Ethiopian rift during the Pliocene but this propagation was short-lived and aborted close to the Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary. Seismicity data support the abandonment of laterally offset, overlapping tips of the Ethiopian and Kenyan rifts. Integration with new numerical models indicates that rift abandonment resulted from progressive focusing of the tectonic and magmatic activity into an oblique, throughgoing rift zone of near pure extension directly connecting the rift sectors.", author = "Giacomo Corti and Raffaello Cioni and Zara Franceschini and Federico Sani and Stephane Scaillet and Paola Molin and Ilaria Isola and Francesco Mazzarini and Sascha Brune and Derek Keir and Asfaw Erbello and Ameha Muluneh and Finnigan Illsley-Kemp and Anne Glerum", year = "2019", month = mar, day = "21", doi = "10.1038/s41467-019-09335-2", language = "English", volume = "10", pages = "1--11", journal = "Nature Communications", issn = "2041-1723", publisher = "Nature Publishing Group", number = "1309", } . Nature Communications.

The tectonics and active faulting of Haiti from seismicity and tomography @article{2b9729a17b634e4f85ce007310fa0338, title = "The tectonics and active faulting of Haiti from seismicity and tomography", abstract = "Oblique convergence of the Caribbean and North American plates has partitioned strain across a major transpressional fault system that bisects the island of Hispaniola. The devastating MW 7.0, 2010 earthquake that struck southern Haiti, rupturing an unknown fault, highlighted our limited understanding of regional fault segmentation and its link to plate boundary deformation. Here we assess seismic activity and fault structures across Haiti using data from 33 broadband seismic stations deployed for 16‐months. We use travel‐time tomography to obtain relocated hypocenters and models of Vp and Vp/Vs crustal structure. Earthquake locations reveal two clusters of seismic activity. The first corresponds to aftershocks of the 2010 earthquake and delineates faults associated with that rupture. The second cluster shows shallow activity north of Lake Enriquillo (Dominican Republic), interpreted to have occurred on a north‐dipping thrust fault. Crustal seismic velocities show a narrow low‐velocity region with an increased Vp/Vs ratio (1.80‐1.85) dipping underneath the Massif de la Selle, which coincides with a southward‐dipping zone of hypocenters to a depth of 20 km beneath southern Haiti. Our observations of seismicity and crustal structure in southern Haiti suggests a transition in the Enriquillo fault system from a near vertical strike‐slip fault along the Southern Peninsula to a southward‐dipping oblique‐slip fault along the southern border of the Cul‐de‐Sac‐Enriquillo basin. This result, consistent with recent geodetic results but at odds with the classical seismotectonic interpretation of the Enriquillo fault system, is an important constraint in our understanding of regional seismic hazard.", author = "Daniel Possee and Derek Keir and Nicholas Harmon and Catherine Rychert and Fr{\'e}d{\'e}rique Rolandone and Sylvie Leroy and Jordane Corbeau and Graham Stuart and Eric Calais and Finnigan Illsley-Kemp and Dominique Boisson and Roberte Momplaisir and Claude Pr{\'e}petit", year = "2019", month = mar, day = "5", doi = "10.1029/2018TC005364", language = "English", journal = "Tectonics", issn = "0278-7407", publisher = "John Wiley and Sons Inc", } . Tectonics.

A Lavayssi&#232;re, C Drooff, C Ebinger, R Gallacher, F Illsley-Kemp, S J Oliva, D Keir(2019). Depth Extent and Kinematics of Faulting in the Southern Tanganyika Rift, Africa . Tectonics. 38. (3). p. 842--862.

D Possee, D Keir, N Harmon, C Rychert, F Rolandone, S Leroy, J Corbeau, G Stuart, E Calais, F Illsley-Kemp, et al.(2019). The Tectonics and Active Faulting of Haiti from Seismicity and Tomography . Tectonics. 38. (3). p. 1138--1155.

Daniel Possee, Derek Keir, Nicholas Harmon, Catherine Rychert, Fr&#233;d&#233;rique Rolandone, Sylvie Leroy, Jordane Corbeau, Graham Stuart, Eric Calais, Finnigan Illsley‐Kemp, et al. (2019). The Tectonics and Active Faulting of Haiti from Seismicity and Tomography . Tectonics.

Aude Lavayssi&#232;re, Connor Drooff, Cynthia Ebinger, Ryan Gallacher, Finnigan Illsley‐Kemp, Sarah J. Oliva, Derek Keir (2019). Depth Extent and Kinematics of Faulting in the Southern Tanganyika Rift, Africa . Tectonics.

Depth extent and kinematics of faulting in the southern Tanganyika rift, Africa @article{777af5fe21c0416394b9edb915c4ac0d, title = "Depth extent and kinematics of faulting in the southern Tanganyika rift, Africa", abstract = "Unusually deep earthquakes occur beneath rift segments with and without surface expressions of magmatism in the East African Rift system (EARS). The Tanganyika rift is part of the Western rift and has no surface evidence of magmatism. The TANG14 array was deployed in the southern Tanganyika rift, where earthquakes of magnitude up to 7.4 have occurred, to probe crust and upper mantle structure and evaluate fault kinematics. 474 earthquakes detected between June 2014 and September 2015 are located using a new regional velocity model. The precise locations, magnitudes and source mechanisms of local and teleseismic earthquakes are used to determine seismogenic layer thickness, delineate active faults, evaluate regional extension direction, and evaluate kinematics of border faults. The active faults span more than 350 km with deep normal faults transecting the thick Bangweulu craton, indicating a wide plate boundary zone. The seismogenic layer thickness is 42 km, spanning the entire crust beneath the rift basins and their uplifted flanks. Earthquakes in the upper mantle are also detected. Deep earthquakes with steep nodal planes occur along subsurface projections of Tanganyika and Rukwa border faults, indicating that large offset (≥ 5 km) faults penetrate to the base of the crust, and are the current locus of strain. The focal mechanisms, continuous depth distribution, and correlation with mapped structures indicate that steep, deep border faults maintain a half‐graben morphology over at least 12 My of basin evolution. Fault scaling based on our results suggests M > 7 earthquakes along Tanganyika border faults are possible.", author = "Aude Lavayssiere and Connor Drooff and Cynthia Ebinger and Ryan Gallacher and Finnigan Illsley-Kemp and Oliva, \{Sarah J.\} and Derek Keir", year = "2019", month = feb, day = "7", doi = "10.1029/2018TC005379", language = "English", journal = "Tectonics", issn = "0278-7407", publisher = "John Wiley and Sons Inc", } . Tectonics.

Initiation of a proto-transform fault prior to seafloor spreading @article{fb895def44d44b489e4cd539c1e69121, title = "Initiation of a proto-transform fault prior to seafloor spreading", author = "Finnigan Illsley-Kemp and Jonathan Bull and Derek Keir and Taras Gerya and Carolina Pagli and Thomas Gernon and Atalay Ayele and Berhe Goitom and Hammond, \{James O.S.\} and J-Michael Kendall", year = "2018", month = dec, day = "28", doi = "10.1029/2018GC007947", language = "English", volume = "19", pages = "4744--4756", journal = "Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems", issn = "1525-2027", publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell", number = "12", } . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.

F Illsley-Kemp, J M Bull, D Keir, T Gerya, C Pagli, T Gernon, A Ayele, B Goitom, J O S Hammond, J M Kendall(2018). Initiation of a Proto-transform Fault Prior to Seafloor Spreading . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 19. (12). p. 4744--4756.

F. Illsley‐Kemp, J. M. Bull, D. Keir, T. Gerya, C. Pagli, T. Gernon, A. Ayele, B. Goitom, J. O. S. Hammond, J. M. Kendall (2018). Initiation of a Proto‐transform Fault Prior to Seafloor Spreading . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.

Seismic anisotropy reveals a dynamic link between adjacent magmatic segments prior to dyke Intrusion @article{430ebafe696345378cfc5d7593ee924e, title = "Seismic anisotropy reveals a dynamic link between adjacent magmatic segments prior to dyke Intrusion", abstract = "Seismic anisotropy has increasingly been proposed as a tool in the monitoring of magmatic systems and potential forecasting of volcanic eruptions. We present a detailed study of how seismic anisotropy evolves in an active magmatic rift segment before, during, and after a dyke intrusion in the Afar depression, Ethiopia. Results show that seismic anisotropy prior to the dyke intrusion is controlled by a complex and deforming magma plumbing system beneath the adjacent Dabbahu and Manda‐Hararo magmatic segments. Approximately eight days prior to the dyke intrusion in the Dabbahu segment, the pattern of anisotropy, coupled with lower crustal seismicity, is best explained by the inflation of a lower crustal magma reservoir in the Manda‐Hararo segment. This is the only clearly observed precursory change in seismic anisotropy. During the dyke intrusion, the magnitude of seismic anisotropy increases twofold, before rapidly returning to predyke values once the intrusion has ended. Combining our observations with models of magmatically induced crustal stress, we propose that when the deep magma reservoir beneath the Dabbahu segment becomes overpressured, inflation is triggered in the magma reservoir of the neighboring Manda‐Hararo segment. This provides strong evidence for a hydraulic link between the deep magma systems of the neighboring rift segments and that magma reservoirs beneath the Dabbahu segment can be fed by the lateral flow of magma from an adjacent segment. Our results demonstrate that seismic anisotropy has the potential to be a powerful tool for monitoring deformation in the magma plumbing systems of active volcanoes.", author = "Finnigan Illsley-Kemp and Tim Greenfield and Derek Keir", year = "2018", month = nov, day = "8", doi = "10.1029/2018JB016420", language = "English", volume = "123", pages = "1--17", journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research", issn = "0148-0227", publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell", } . Journal of Geophysical Research.

F Illsley-Kemp, T Greenfield, D Keir(2018). Seismic Anisotropy Reveals a Dynamic Link Between Adjacent Magmatic Segments Prior to Dyke Intrusion . Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Solid Earth. 123. (11). p. 9800--9816.

Finnigan Illsley‐Kemp, Tim Greenfield, Derek Keir (2018). Seismic Anisotropy Reveals a Dynamic Link Between Adjacent Magmatic Segments Prior to Dyke Intrusion . Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth.

Seismicity associated with the formation of a new island in the southern Red Sea @article{35188f7373e641bd8fd2cd0d893d0b9f, title = "Seismicity associated with the formation of a new island in the southern Red Sea", abstract = "Volcanic eruptions at mid-ocean ridges are rarely witnessed due to their inaccessibility, and are therefore poorly understood. Shallow waters in the Red Sea allow the study of ocean ridge related volcanism observed close to sea level. On the 18th December 2011, Yemeni fishermen witnessed a volcanic eruption in the Southern Red Sea that led to the formation of Sholan Island. Previous research efforts to constrain the dynamics of the intrusion and subsequent eruption relied primarily on interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) methods, data for which were relatively sparse. Our study integrates InSAR analysis with seismic data from Eritrea, Yemen, and Saudi Arabia to provide additional insights into the transport of magma in the crust that fed the eruption. Twenty-three earthquakes of magnitude 2.1–3.9 were located using the Oct-tree sampling algorithm. The earthquakes propagated southeastward from near Sholan Island, mainly between December 12th and December 13th. The seismicity is interpreted as being induced by emplacement of a ∼12 km-long dike. Earthquake focal mechanisms are primarily normal faulting and suggest the seismicity was caused through a combination of dike propagation and inflation. We combine these observations with new deformation modeling to constrain the location and orientation of the dike. The best-fit dike orientation that satisfies both geodetic and seismic data is NNW-SSE, parallel to the overall strike of the Red Sea. Further, the timing of the seismicity suggests the volcanic activity began as a submarine eruption on the 13th December, which became a subaerial eruption on the 18th December when the island emerged from the beneath the sea. The new intrusion and eruption along the ridge suggests seafloor spreading is active in this region.", author = "Eyles, \{Jade H.W.\} and Finnigan Illsley-Kemp and Derek Keir and Joel Ruch and Sigurjon Jonsson", year = "2018", month = sep, day = "24", doi = "10.3389/feart.2018.00141", language = "English", volume = "6", journal = "Frontiers in Earth Science", issn = "2296-6463", publisher = "Frontiers Media SA", number = "141", } . Frontiers in Earth Science.

J H W Eyles, F Illsley-Kemp, D Keir, J Ruch, S J&#243;nsson(2018). Seismicity Associated With the Formation of a New Island in the Southern Red Sea . Frontiers in Earth Science. 6.

F Illsley-Kemp, D Keir, J M Bull, T M Gernon, C Ebinger, A Ayele, J O S Hammond, J M Kendall, B Goitom, M Belachew(2018). Seismicity During Continental Breakup in the Red Sea Rift of Northern Afar . Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Solid Earth. 123. (3). p. 2345--2362.

Seismicity during continental breakup in the Red Sea rift of Northern Afar @article{abbf82c9a58244f487bbb1f3a083b347, title = "Seismicity during continental breakup in the Red Sea rift of Northern Afar", abstract = "Continental rifting is a fundamental component of plate tectonics. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of magmatic activity in accommodating extension during late-stage rifting, yet the mechanisms by which crustal thinning occurs are less clear. The Red Sea rift in Northern Afar presents an opportunity to study the final stages of continental rifting as these active processes are exposed sub-aerially. Between February 2011 and February 2013 two seismic networks were installed in Ethiopia and Eritrea. We locate 4951 earthquakes, classify them by frequency content and calculate 31 focal mechanisms. Results show that seismicity is focused at the rift axis and the western marginal graben. Rift axis seismicity accounts for ∼64\% of the seismic moment release and exhibits a swarm-like behavior. In contrast, seismicity at the marginal graben is characterized by high-frequency earthquakes that occur at a constant rate. Results suggest that the rift axis remains the primary locus of seismicity. Low frequency earthquakes, indicative of magmatic activity, highlight the presence of a magma complex ∼12 km beneath Alu-Dalafilla at the rift axis. Seismicity at the marginal graben predominantly occurs on westward dipping, antithetic faults. Focal mechanisms show that this seismicity is accommodating E-W extension. We suggest that the seismic activity at the marginal graben is either caused by upper crustal faulting accommodating enhanced crustal thinning beneath Northern Afar, or as a result of flexural faulting between the rift and plateau. This seismicity is occurring in conjunction with magmatic extension at the rift axis, which accommodates the majority of long-term extension.", author = "Finnigan Illsley-Kemp and Derek Keir and Jonathan Bull and Thomas Gernon and Cynthia Ebinger and Hammond, \{James O.S.\} and J.-Michael Kendall and Berhe Goitom and Atalay Ayele and Manahloh Belachew", year = "2018", month = mar, day = "1", doi = "10.1002/2017JB014902", language = "English", pages = "1--18", journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth", issn = "2169-9356", publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell", } . Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth.

Finnigan Illsley‐Kemp, Derek Keir, Jonathan M. Bull, Thomas M. Gernon, Cynthia Ebinger, Atalay Ayele, James O. S. Hammond, J.‐Michael Kendall, Berhe Goitom, Manahloh Belachew (2018). Seismicity During Continental Breakup in the Red Sea Rift of Northern Afar . Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth.

Illsley-Kemp, F., Keir, D., Bull, J.M., Gernon, T.M., Ebinger, C., Ayele, A., Hammond, J.O.S., Kendall, J.-M., Goitom, B., Belachew, M.(2018). Seismicity During Continental Breakup in the Red Sea Rift of Northern Afar . Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 123. (3). p. 2345-2362.

I Hodgson, F Illsley-Kemp, R J Gallacher, D Keir, C J Ebinger, K Mtelela(2017). Crustal Structure at a Young Continental Rift: A Receiver Function Study From the Tanganyika Rift . Tectonics. 36. (12). p. 2806--2822.

Isabel Hodgson, Finnigan Illsley‐Kemp, Ryan J. Gallacher, Derek Keir, Cynthia J. Ebinger, Khalfan Mtelela (2017). Crustal Structure at a Young Continental Rift: A Receiver Function Study From the Tanganyika Rift . Tectonics.

Crustal structure at a young continental rift @article{39b4d4bd73914d339d5fadfc8ed26f3e, title = "Crustal structure at a young continental rift: a receiver function study from the Tanganyika Rift", abstract = "The southern Tanganyika Rift, within the Western rift, Africa, has earthquakes to depths of 37 km, yet few constraints exist on crustal thickness, or of early stage rifting processes in apparently amagmatic rift sectors. The aim of the TANGA14 experiment was to constrain bulk crustal properties to test whether magmatic processes modify the lithosphere in areas of deep seismicity, and the degree of lithospheric thinning. We use eleven broadband seismometers to implement receiver function analysis using H-κ stacking, a method sensitive to crustal thickness and VP/VS ratio, to determine bulk crustal properties. Analyses include extensive error analysis through bootstrap, variance and phase-weighted stacking. Results show the Archean Tanzanian Craton and Bangweulu Block are characterized by VP/VS ratios of 1.75-1.77, implying a felsic bulk composition. Crust beneath the fault bounded basins has high VP/VS (>1.9). Anorthosite bodies and surface sediments within the region may contribute to localized high VP/VS. However, elevated VP/VS values within fault-bounded extensional basins where elevated heat flow, hydrothermal vent sites, and deep earthquakes are observed suggest that magma may be intruding the lower crust beneath the southern Tanganyika Rift. Crustal thicknesses on/near the relatively un-extended Tanzanian craton and Bangweulu Block are 41.6-42.0 km. This contrasts with the Tanganyika Rift where crustal thicknesses are 31.6 km to 39 km from north to south. Our results provide evidence for \textasciitilde{}20\% crustal thinning localized to fault-bounded basins. Taken together, they suggest a previously unrecognized role of magma intrusion in early-stage continental rifting in the Western rift, Africa.", author = "Isabel Hodgson and Finnigan Illsley-Kemp and Gallacher, \{Ryan J.\} and Derek Keir and Ebinger, \{Cynthia J.\} and Khalfan Mtelela", year = "2017", month = nov, day = "13", doi = "10.1002/2017TC004477", language = "English", pages = "1--31", journal = "Tectonics", issn = "0278-7407", publisher = "John Wiley and Sons Inc", } . Tectonics.

F Illsley-Kemp, M K Savage, D Keir, H P Hirschberg, J M Bull, T M Gernon, J O S Hammond, J M Kendall, A Ayele, B Goitom(2017). Extension and stress during continental breakup: Seismic anisotropy of the crust in Northern Afar . Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 477. p. 41--51.

Extension and stress during continental breakup: @article{8c8e0d472d71429c898093ead3fc5b2a, title = "Extension and stress during continental breakup:: seismic anisotropy of the crust in Northern Afar", abstract = "Studies that attempt to simulate continental rifting and subsequent breakup require detailed knowledge of crustal stresses, however observational constraints from continental rifts are lacking. In addition, a knowledge of the stress field around active volcanoes can be used to detect sub-surface changes to the volcanic system. Here we use shear wave splitting to measure the seismic anisotropy of the crust in Northern Afar, a region of active, magma-rich continental breakup. We combine shear wave splitting tomography with modelling of gravitational and magmatic induced stresses to propose a model for crustal stress and strain across the rift. Results show that at the Ethiopian Plateau, seismic anisotropy is consistently oriented N–S. Seismic anisotropy within the rift is generally oriented NNW–SSE, with the exception of regions north and south of the Danakil Depression where seismic anisotropy is rift-perpendicular. These results suggest that the crust at the rift axis is characterized by rift-aligned structures and melt inclusions, consistent with a focusing of tectonic extension at the rift axis. In contrast, we show that at regions within the rift where extension rate is minimal the seismic anisotropy is best explained by the gravitationally induced stress field originating from variations in crustal thickness. Seismic anisotropy away from the rift is controlled by a combination of inherited crustal structures and gravitationally induced extension whereas at the Dabbahu region we show that the stress field changes orientation in response to magmatic intrusions. Our proposed model provides a benchmark of crustal stress in Northern Afar which will aid the monitoring of volcanic hazard. In addition we show that gravitational forces play a key role in measurements of seismic anisotropy, and must be considered in future studies. We demonstrate that during the final stages of continental rifting the stress field at the rift axis is primarily controlled by tectonic extension, but that gravitational forces and magmatic intrusions can play a key role in the orientation of the stress field.", author = "Finnigan Illsley-Kemp and Savage, \{Martha K.\} and Derek Keir and Hirschberg, \{Hamish P.\} and Bull, \{Jonathan M.\} and Thomas Gernon and Hammond, \{James O.S.\} and J-Michael Kendall and Atalay Ayele and Berhe Goitom", year = "2017", month = nov, day = "1", doi = "10.1016/j.epsl.2017.08.014", language = "English", volume = "477", pages = "41--51", journal = "Earth and Planetary Science Letters", issn = "0012-821X", publisher = "Elsevier BV", } . Earth and Planetary Science Letters.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Martha K. Savage, Derek Keir, Hamish P. Hirschberg, Jonathan M. Bull, Thomas M. Gernon, James O.S. Hammond, J.-Michael Kendall, Atalay Ayele, Berhe Goitom(2017). Extension and stress during continental breakup: Seismic anisotropy of the crust in Northern Afar . Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 477. p. 41--51. Elsevier {BV}

Fault-magma interactions during early continental rifting @article{a1fc18df709e40179b8732d431e1ca97, title = "Fault-magma interactions during early continental rifting: seismicity of the Magadi-Natron-Manyara basins, Africa", author = "A. Weinstein and S.J. Oliva and C.J. Ebinger and S. Roecker and C. Tiberi and M. Aman and C. Lambert and E. Witkin and J. Albaric and S. Gautier and S. Peyrat and J.D. Muirhead and A.N.N. Muzuka and G. Mulibo and G. Kianji and R. Ferdinand-Wambura and M. Msabi and A. Rodzianko and R, Hadfield and F. Illsley-Kemp and T.P. Fischer", year = "2017", month = oct, day = "30", doi = "10.1002/2017GC007027", language = "English", journal = "Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems", issn = "1525-2027", publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell", } . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.

A Weinstein, S J Oliva, C J Ebinger, S Roecker, C Tiberi, M Aman, C Lambert, E Witkin, J Albaric, S Gautier, et al.(2017). Fault-magma interactions during early continental rifting: Seismicity of the Magadi-Natron-Manyara basins, Africa . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 18. (10). p. 3662--3686.

A. Weinstein, S. J. Oliva, C. J. Ebinger, S. Roecker, C. Tiberi, M. Aman, C. Lambert, E. Witkin, J. Albaric, S. Gautier, et al.(2017). Fault-magma interactions during early continental rifting: Seismicity of the Magadi-Natron-Manyara basins, Africa . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 18. (10). p. 3662--3686. Wiley-Blackwell

A. Weinstein, S. J. Oliva, C. J. Ebinger, S. Roecker, C. Tiberi, M. Aman, C. Lambert, E. Witkin, J. Albaric, S. Gautier, et al.(2017). Fault-magma interactions during early continental rifting: Seismicity of the Magadi-Natron-Manyara basins, Africa . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. Wiley-Blackwell

Probabilistic seismic‐hazard assessment for Eritrea @article{0b0661866cb142dda815e7b225a5d460, title = "Probabilistic seismic‐hazard assessment for Eritrea", abstract = "To date little is known about seismic hazard in Eritrea, despite its location in a volcanically and tectonically active region, and the gathering pace of major infrastructure projects. In response, we report the findings of a comprehensive probabilistic seismic‐hazard assessment for Eritrea and adjacent areas. Seismic source and ground‐motion models are constructed separately; we use an adaptive spatiotemporal smoothing method to map expected patterns of seismicity. To construct a consistent earthquake catalog from different data sets, we use orthogonal regression to convert and unify different magnitude scales. A sensitivity analysis of the different input parameters helps constrain them and disaggregation of site‐specific hazard estimates yields insights into the relative contribution from seismic sources of different magnitudes and distances. The results highlight seismic hazard in proximity to the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Afar depression, and along the boundaries of the Danakil microplate. We estimate a 10\% chance over 50 years of observing pseudospectral accelerations (PSAs) at 0.2 s exceeding 0.16g in the port city of Massawa (population ∼32,000) and the town of Bada (population ∼4000). For the capital, Asmara (population ∼520,000), we calculate a PSA of 0.11g at 0.2 s. Compared with previous studies, our results provide greater spatial resolution, use more recent ground‐motion models, and benefit from a smoothed seismicity method. Our aims are to stimulate further studies and contribute to the safe development of the region in light of its exposure to seismic hazards.", author = "Berhe Goitom and Werner, \{Maximilian J.\} and Katsuichiro Goda and J.‐michael Kendall and Hammond, \{James O. S.\} and Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi and Clive Oppenheimer and Agnes Helmstetter and Derek Keir and Finnigan Illsley-Kemp", year = "2017", month = jun, day = "1", doi = "10.1785/0120160210", language = "English", volume = "107", pages = "1478--1494", journal = "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", issn = "0037-1106", publisher = "Seismological Society of America", number = "3", } . Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America.

F Illsley-Kemp, D Keir, J M Bull, A Ayele, J O S Hammond, J M Kendall, R J Gallacher, T Gernon, B Goitom(2017). Local earthquake magnitude scale and b-value for the Danakil region of northern afar . Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 107. (2). p. 521--531.

Local earthquake magnitude scale and b-value for the Danakil region of Northern Afar @article{3056a81602bd48b3b2e151bb0da78cbe, title = "Local earthquake magnitude scale and b-value for the Danakil region of Northern Afar", abstract = "The Danakil region of northern Afar is an area of ongoing seismic and volcanic activity caused by the final stages of continental breakup. To improve the quantification of seismicity, we developed a calibrated local earthquake magnitude scale. The accurate calculation of earthquake magnitudes allows the estimation of b?values and maximum magnitudes, both of which are essential for seismic?hazard analysis. Earthquake data collected between February 2011 and February 2013 on 11 three?component broadband seismometers were analyzed. A total of 4275 earthquakes were recorded over hypocentral distances ranging from 0 to 400 km. A total of 32,904 zero?to?peak amplitude measurements (A) were measured on the seismometer{\textquoteright}s horizontal components and were incorporated into a direct linear inversion that solved for all individual local earthquake magnitudes (ML), 22 station correction factors (C), and 2 distance?dependent factors (n, K) in the equation ML=log(A)?log(A0)+C. The resultant distance correction term is given by ?log(A0)=1.274336log(r/17)?0.000273(r?17)+2. This distance correction term suggests that attenuation in the upper and mid?crust of northern Afar is relatively high, consistent with the presence of magmatic intrusions and partial melt. In contrast, attenuation in the lower crust and uppermost mantle is anomalously low, interpreted to be caused by a high melt fraction causing attenuation to occur outside the seismic frequency band. The calculated station corrections serve to reduce the ML residuals significantly but do not show a correlation with regional geology. The cumulative seismicity rate produces a b?value of 0.9±0.06, which is higher than most regions of continental rifting yet lower than values recorded at midocean ridges, further supporting the hypothesis that northern Afar is transitioning to seafloor spreading.", author = "Finnigan Illsley-Kemp and Derek Keir and Jonathan Bull and Atalay Ayele and Hammond, \{James O. S.\} and J-Michael Kendall and Ryan Gallacher and Thomas Gernon and Berhe Goitom", year = "2017", month = apr, day = "1", doi = "10.1785/0120150253", language = "English", volume = "107", pages = "521--531", journal = "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", issn = "0037-1106", publisher = "Seismological Society of America", number = "2", } . Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America.

Berhe Goitom, Maximilian J. Werner, Katsuichiro Goda, J.‐Michael Kendall, James O. S. Hammond, Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi, Clive Oppenheimer, Agnes Helmstetter, Derek Keir, Finnigan Illsley‐Kemp(2017). Probabilistic Seismic‐Hazard Assessment for Eritrea . Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. Seismological Society of America ({SSA})

B Goitom, M J Werner, K Goda, J M Kendall, J O S Hammond, G Ogubazghi, C Oppenheimer, A Helmstetter, D Keir, F Illsley-Kemp(2017). Probabilistic seismic-hazard assessment for Eritrea . Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 107. (3). p. 1478--1494.

Finnigan Illsley‐Kemp, Derek Keir, Jonathan M. Bull, Atalay Ayele, James O. S. Hammond, J.‐Michael Kendall, Ryan J. Gallacher, Thomas Gernon, Berhe Goitom(2017). Local Earthquake Magnitude Scale and b ‐Value for the Danakil Region of Northern Afar . Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. Seismological Society of America ({SSA})

Illsley-Kemp, F., Keir, D., Bull, J.M., Ayele, A., Hammond, J.O.S., Kendall, J.-M., Gallacher, R.J., Gernon, T., Goitom, B.(2017). Local earthquake magnitude scale and b-value for the Danakil region of northern afar . Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 107. (2). p. 521-531.

Goitom, B., Werner, M.J., Goda, K., Kendall, J.-M., Hammond, J.O.S., Ogubazghi, G., Oppenheimer, C., Helmstetter, A., Keir, D., Illsley-Kemp, F.(2017). Probabilistic seismic-hazard assessment for Eritrea . Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 107. (3). p. 1478-1494.

Weinstein, A., Oliva, S.J., Ebinger, C.J., Roecker, S., Tiberi, C., Aman, M., Lambert, C., Witkin, E., Albaric, J., Gautier, S., et al.(2017). Fault-magma interactions during early continental rifting: Seismicity of the Magadi-Natron-Manyara basins, Africa . Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 18. (10). p. 3662-3686.

Illsley-Kemp, F., Savage, M.K., Keir, D., Hirschberg, H.P., Bull, J.M., Gernon, T.M., Hammond, J.O.S., Kendall, J.-M., Ayele, A., Goitom, B.(2017). Extension and stress during continental breakup: Seismic anisotropy of the crust in Northern Afar . Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 477. p. 41-51.

Hodgson, I., Illsley-Kemp, F., Gallacher, R.J., Keir, D., Ebinger, C.J., Mtelela, K.(2017). Crustal Structure at a Young Continental Rift: A Receiver Function Study From the Tanganyika Rift . Tectonics. 36. (12). p. 2806-2822.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, Shao-Jinn Chin, Rupert Sutherland, Martha Savage, John Townend, Julien Collot, Pelletier Bernard, Olivier Monge Earthquakes and Seismic Hazard in Southern New Caledonia, Southwest Pacific . Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Solid Earth. Wiley-Blackwell

C Massiot, L Adam, E S Boyd, S C Cary, D R Colman, A Cox, E Hughes, G Kilgour, M Lelli, D Liotta, et al.(2024). CALDERA: a scientific drilling concept to unravel Connections Among Life, geo-Dynamics and Eruptions in a Rifting Arc caldera, Okataina Volcanic Centre, Aotearoa New Zealand . Scientific Drilling. 33. (1). p. 67--88.

Finnigan Illsley-Kemp, David Johnston, Lucy Kaiser, Eleanor Mestel, Kelvin Tapuke, Bubs Smith, Graham Leonard, Raj Prasanna, Marion Tan, Brandy Alger, et al.(2021). Improving earthquake resilience in the Taupō Volcanic Zone (TVZ) using school-based seismometers and connected education programmes . 76--76

Short-duration events associated with active seabed methane venting: scanner pockmark, North Sea @inbook{b1a2c55c4ca342c4968164ea415a2e13, title = "Short-duration events associated with active seabed methane venting: scanner pockmark, North Sea", abstract = "The process by which methane propagates through near-surface sediments and is vented into the ocean is uncertain. Here, we describe seismic events (short-duration events [SDEs]) recorded on ocean-bottom seismometers (OBSs) close to an actively venting pockmark at a water depth of 150–165 m. Analysis of 120 hours of data recorded by 10 OBSs showed natural events with consistent characteristics: monochromatic, with a peak frequency of 4 Hz and relatively short duration (less than 6 seconds); an absence of clear body- or surface-wave arrivals; spectral content that decreases in frequency over the event duration; and larger amplitudes on horizontal components than on the vertical component, indicating a shallow subsurface origin. Only the SDEs with the largest geophone amplitudes are recorded on the hydrophones, suggesting that the events originate in the seabed rather than in the water column. In the pockmark, clusters of events are recorded simultaneously on two OBSs 20 m apart; but more generally, events are not recorded on multiple instruments, indicating the very local nature of the events. The rate of occurrence of the SDEs is negatively correlated with tidal height and total water depth, indicating a hydrostatic pressure control.", author = "Gaye Bayrakci and Bull, \{Jonathan M.\} and Minshull, \{Timothy A.\} and Robinson, \{Adam H.\} and Aude Lavayssiere and Finnigan Illsley-Kemp and Henstock, \{Timothy J.\} and Calum MacDonald and Mark Chapman", year = "2024", month = feb, day = "28", doi = "10.1002/9781119750925.ch09", language = "English", isbn = "9781119750895", series = "Geophysical Monograph Series", publisher = "John Wiley \& Sons", pages = "143--159", editor = "Bayrakci, \{Gaye \} and Klingelhoefer, \{Frauke \}", booktitle = "Noisy Oceans: Monitoring Seismic and Acoustic Signals in the Marine Environment", address = "United Kingdom", edition = "1", } . Noisy Oceans: Monitoring Seismic and Acoustic Signals in the Marine Environment.

G Bayrakci, J M Bull, T A Minshull, A H Robinson, A Lavayssiere, F Illsley-Kemp, T J Henstock, C Macdonald, M Chapman(2023). Short-Duration Events Associated With Active Seabed Methane Venting: Scanner Pockmark, North Sea . 143--159

Crustal processes associated with the final stages of continental rifting in Northern Afar @phdthesis{ce95b54c85e345d98f790b4e188182ba, title = "Crustal processes associated with the final stages of continental rifting in Northern Afar", abstract = "The transition from continental rifting to seafloor spreading is a key, yet enigmatic, stage of the plate tectonic Wilson Cycle. The Danakil region in the northern Afar depression marks the transition between late-stage continental rifting in the Main Ethiopian rift, and young seafloor spreading in the Red Sea, it is thus an ideal location to investigate the final stages of continental breakup. Here, the southern Red Sea rift steps on land and the active processes associated with continental breakup are exposed subaerially. Between February 2011 and February 2013, two seismic networks were installed in northern Ethiopia and Eritrea. In this thesis, continuous seismic data is used to detect and locate 4951 earthquakes and investigate how seismicity accommodates ex- tension and deformation as the region transitions to seafloor spreading. Results show that seismicity is focused at the rift axis and within a graben on the western rift margin. Seismicity at the rift axis accounts for ∼64\% of the total seismic moment release and reveals a lower crustal magma complex beneath the Alu-Dalafilla volcanic system. This suggests that the majority of mechanical extension is focused at the rift axis, as is observed in the Main Ethiopian rift. However, seismic moment release rate shows that extension is predominantly accommodated though magmatism and this produces stacked sill magma plumbing systems, analogous to those seen at mid-ocean ridges. In contrast to the Main Ethiopian rift, high levels of seismicity are observed at the western rift margin. Earthquake focal mechanisms and seismic anisotropy show that extension in the marginal graben is oriented E-W, oblique to extension at the rift axis. The seismicity here predominantly occurs on an antithetic fault, extending to depths of ∼20 km. Large, antithetic faults have been observed in rifted margins worldwide, this research suggests such structures may form and remain active in the final stages of continental rifting. In addition, seismological data is combined with remote structural geology, geodetic observations and three-dimensional thermomechanical numerical modelling to show that an oceanic transform fault is initiating in the Danakil depression. This is the first direct observation of this process and demonstrates that these oceanic structures can initiate in the final stages of continental rifting, prior to seafloor spreading. The findings of this thesis reveal that many processes and structures which are associated with seafloor spreading can form during the final stages of continental breakup. Thus, the continent-ocean boundary must not be treated as a discrete point in space or time.", author = "Illsley-Kemp, \{Finnigan McGowan\}", year = "2018", month = aug, language = "English", publisher = "University of Southampton", address = "United Kingdom", school = "University of Southampton", }.