{"id":6948,"date":"2020-02-14T10:06:37","date_gmt":"2020-02-14T10:06:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/?p=6948"},"modified":"2023-04-18T11:38:08","modified_gmt":"2023-04-18T11:38:08","slug":"edible-food-packaging-eat-your-food-and-the-wrapping-too","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/edible-food-packaging-eat-your-food-and-the-wrapping-too\/","title":{"rendered":"Edible Food Packaging: Eat Your Food and the Wrapping Too"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_45_1 counter-flat ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" area-label=\"ez-toc-toggle-icon-1\"><label for=\"item-69f65d8ad8407\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;direction:ltr;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-69f65d8ad8407\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/edible-food-packaging-eat-your-food-and-the-wrapping-too\/#So_What_Is_Edible_Food_Packaging\" title=\"So What Is Edible Food Packaging?\">So What Is Edible Food Packaging?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/edible-food-packaging-eat-your-food-and-the-wrapping-too\/#Types_of_Edible_Packaging\" title=\"Types of Edible Packaging\">Types of Edible Packaging<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/edible-food-packaging-eat-your-food-and-the-wrapping-too\/#The_Technology_of_Edible_Packaging\" title=\"The Technology of Edible Packaging\">The Technology of Edible Packaging<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/edible-food-packaging-eat-your-food-and-the-wrapping-too\/#Challenges\" title=\"Challenges\u00a0\">Challenges\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/find-an-expert\/subject\/food-science-and-technology?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Post&amp;utm_campaign=EdibleFoodPackaging\">Food scientist<\/a> Souha Guenoun writes about how edible food packaging is paving the road to a sustainable future. Cover: Edible food packing by Evoware<\/em><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is amazing that food preservation has no time barrier, knowing how to preserve food has been essential throughout our history as human beings; it helped us survive by not only extending our food&#8217;s shelf life but also by enabling the preservation of healthy food.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Today, thousands of years later, food packaging is just as essential as it was, if not more; consumers\u2019 demands have increased causing the market to enlarge its products. If one walks into any supermarket in any country, one can easily find an assortment of food products made locally or imported from other countries, all of this made possible thanks in part to the packaging.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So, while we enjoy the benefits of this plastic packaging, we don\u2019t fully realize the<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> amount of engineering that goes into the multilayered structures, nor the amount of energy required to produce it, only so it can be used for a few weeks max.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Then what happens to it?<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 It certainly does not magically disappear the minute we throw it away. It is estimated that <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">150 million metric tons of plastics currently<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> linger in the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">world\u2019s oceans -with more than \u00a0 60% coming from plastic packaging <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211;<\/span><b> [1]<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for up to 400 years<\/span> <b>[2]<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> after we\u2019ve used it, causing everything around it to disappear before it, as it disintegrates ever so slowly. The solution to this dilemma might be in innovating the way we produce food packaging.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But, before we jump into <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/find-an-expert\/subject\/packaging?utm_source=Blogq&amp;utm_medium=Post&amp;utm_campaign=EdibleFoodPackaging\">packaging innovation<\/a>, we have to understand first what makes a packaging?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In theory, the designer has to only select some materials from a wide variety to construct a container, easy, right? Except it isn\u2019t. Scientists have to take into considerations a lot of parameters like nutritional value, physical\/chemical\/microbiological changes caused by temperatures, moisture, oxygen, mechanical effects during shipment, health and safety, cost-effectiveness, new technologies, consumer habits, marketing, legislation, distribution trends, and last but certainly not least environmental impacts, etc.<\/span><b> [3]<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As plastic packaging has crept gradually into our lives, replacing <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">metal, paper, and glass containers<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, critics about it have risen, calling out its harmfulness to the environment. Even though recycling plants are established globally<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, only 14 percent of the plastic is recycled.<\/span><b> [4]<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> And smaller chunks of plastic will never make it through a recycling plant, they are too small to fit in; not to mention that whilst recycling plastic packaging requires less energy than making a new one, it still isn\u2019t as green as it should be; in order for packaging to be recycled: water, energy and the transport of materials are all needed to give the plastic a second life.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For that reason, the current trend in food packaging development is that, wherever possible, it should not only be natural and \u2018environmentally friendly\u2019, but also functional and cost-effective. <\/span><b>[5]<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_What_Is_Edible_Food_Packaging\"><\/span>So What Is Edible Food Packaging?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Edible films and coatings may be arbitrarily defined as thin layers of material that can be eaten by the consumer as part of the whole food product. <\/span><b>[6]<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> When a packaging like a film, a sheet, a thin layer or a coating is an integral part of a food and is eaten with it, then it is qualified as \u201cedible packaging\u201d <\/span><b>[7]<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/find-an-expert\/subject\/biopolymers?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Post&amp;utm_campaign=EdibleFoodPackaging\">biopolymer<\/a> designed to contain and protect the food from spoilage and to have the ability to biodegrade like the food it contains. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As food components, edible films and coatings usually have to be as tasteless as possible in order not to be detected during the consumption of the edible-packaged food product. When edible films and coatings have a significant or particular taste and flavor, their sensorial characteristics have to be compatible with those of the food.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Read also: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/healing-the-planet-6-european-companies-working-on-plastic-alternatives\/?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Post&amp;utm_campaign=EdibleFoodPackaging\">Healing the Planet: 6 European Companies Working on Plastic Alternatives<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Types_of_Edible_Packaging\"><\/span>Types of Edible Packaging<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">First, let\u2019s explain what biopolymers are: they are <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">polymeric biomolecules, in other words, they are large structures made from small units linked together and produced by living organisms, like proteins, DNA, etc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are two types of edible packaging, films, and coatings. The difference between the two is that films are first formed separately and then applied to the food product, while coatings are formed and applied directly to the food. They can be superficial coatings or layers between compartments of the same food product.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids are biopolymers used to fabricate edible films or coatings as packaging. While the polysaccharide (starch and derivatives, gums, etc.) and proteins (gelatin, gluten, etc.) offer edible films with satisfactory mechanical and optical properties, they are <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">hypersensitive when it comes to moisture <\/span><b>[8]<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">which constitutes a crucial issue in the food industry since the moisture content can cause rapid deterioration of the food.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Contrarily, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">films composed of lipids (waxes, lipids or derivatives) provide good water vapor barrier properties,\u00a0yet they are non-transparent, inflexible and prone to rancidity. <\/span><b>[8]<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Technology_of_Edible_Packaging\"><\/span>The Technology of Edible Packaging<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As food components, edible films and coatings usually have to be as tasteless as possible in order not to be detected during the consumption of the edible-packaged food product. When edible films and coatings have a significant or particular taste and flavor, their sensorial characteristics have to be compatible with those of the food.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And since components of edible packaging (proteins, lipids, etc) <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">show shortcomings<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> when used individually, the edible packaging is usually formed with several components in order to combine each component\u2019s complementary functional properties and to reduce their disadvantages.<\/span><b> [6]<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Usually, the creation of edible films and coatings that serve as edible packaging is done after solubilization, dispersion, or emulsification of a film-forming polymer in a solvent (water, ethanol, organic acid, etc.); which is then applied directly on food or support with the evaporation of the solvent. <\/span><b>[7]<\/b><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Challenges\"><\/span><b>Challenges\u00a0<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In reality, edible packaging is not as new as some think it is, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/ensuring-reproducibility-in-ai-driven-research-how-freelance-experts-can-help-in-biotech-and-healthcare\/\">research<\/a> about it is being conducted for decades now. Yet, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">there\u2019s the problem of human nature; some people presume that since their packaging would disappear in nature, throwing it anywhere is normal. The United Nations noted in a report, \u201cLabelling a product as biodegradable may be seen as a technical fix that removes responsibility from the individual, resulting in a reluctance to take action.\u201d <\/span><b>[9]<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And then there is also the issue of consumers being reluctant to eat their cutlery or their food wrapping. What\u2019s more is that they can be skeptical about the sanitary part of the edible packaging, whether it protects the food from contamination as regular packaging does.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Another downside is that some <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">non-edible overwrappings are usually still required when edible films or coatings are used (for hygienic reasons). In addition, edible packaging is more sensitive to <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">different environments and requires careful treatment during storage and shipping.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although, edible packaging might have a long way to go before becoming the norm rather than the exception; it represents a far better sustainable alternative to single-use food packaging.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Need to hire a packaging expert? Consult <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/find-an-expert\/subject\/biopolymers?utm_source=Blog&amp;utm_medium=Post&amp;utm_campaign=EdibleFoodPackaging\">biopolymer researchers<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/find-an-expert\/subject\/Packaging\">packaging experts<\/a> on Kolabtree.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><b>Sources:<\/b><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cen.acs.org\/articles\/94\/i41\/cost-plastic-packaging.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/cen.acs.org\/articles\/94\/i41\/cost-plastic-packaging.html<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.epa.gov\/epawaste\/conserve\/smm\/wastewise\/web\/html\/factoid.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/archive.epa.gov\/epawaste\/conserve\/smm\/wastewise\/web\/html\/factoid.html<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/%28SICI%291099-1522%28200001\/02%2913%3A1%3C29%3A%3AAID-PTS489%3E3.0.CO%3B2-R\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/%28SICI%291099-1522%28200001\/02%2913%3A1%3C29%3A%3AAID-PTS489%3E3.0.CO%3B2-R<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org\/publications\/the-new-plastics-economy-rethinking-the-future-of-plastics-catalysing-action\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org\/publications\/the-new-plastics-economy-rethinking-the-future-of-plastics-catalysing-action<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newfoodmagazine.com\/article\/215\/edible-biodegradable-packaging-for-food\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.newfoodmagazine.com\/article\/215\/edible-biodegradable-packaging-for-food<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/pts.2770080607\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/pts.2770080607<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/10408699891274219\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/10408699891274219<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-1-4615-2173-0_9\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-1-4615-2173-0_9<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unenvironment.org\/news-and-stories\/press-release\/biodegradable-plastics-are-not-answer-reducing-marine-litter-says-un\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.unenvironment.org\/news-and-stories\/press-release\/biodegradable-plastics-are-not-answer-reducing-marine-litter-says-un<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Food scientist Souha Guenoun writes about how edible food packaging is paving the road to a sustainable future. Cover: Edible food packing by Evoware It is amazing that food preservation has no time barrier, knowing how to preserve food has been essential throughout our history as human beings; it helped us survive by not only<\/p>\n<div class=\"read-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/edible-food-packaging-eat-your-food-and-the-wrapping-too\/\" title=\"Read More\">Read More<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":6950,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[397],"tags":[352,758],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.1 (Yoast SEO v20.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Edible Food Packaging: Eat Your Food and the Wrapping Too<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Benefits and challenges of edible food packaging. 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