{"id":1783,"date":"2017-03-07T10:33:38","date_gmt":"2017-03-07T10:33:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/?p=1783"},"modified":"2017-04-25T15:23:19","modified_gmt":"2017-04-25T15:23:19","slug":"misinformation-science-journalism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/pt\/misinformation-science-journalism\/","title":{"rendered":"Como prevenir a desinforma\u00e7\u00e3o no jornalismo cient\u00edfico"},"content":{"rendered":"
A artigo recente da Vox<\/a> reports that half of the studies you read about in the newspaper are wrong. The primary reason, according to this study (which could be wrong as well!), is because science journalists chase that one clear, unambiguous headline which reports a specific conclusion. Unfortunately these headlines are often based on a single study, which lowers the credibility of the pesquisa<\/a> and paints an incomplete picture.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
Relat\u00f3rios PLOS<\/a> isso:\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
\"Os jornalistas cobrem preferencialmente as descobertas iniciais, embora muitas vezes sejam contrariados por meta-an\u00e1lises e raramente informam o p\u00fablico quando s\u00e3o desconfirmados\".\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
Os pesquisadores tamb\u00e9m costumam tentar replicar as descobertas publicadas, n\u00e3o contradiz\u00ea-las ou desmascar\u00e1-las. Isto leva \u00e0 confian\u00e7a em dados duvidosos possivelmente publicados a partir de um \u00fanico estudo e replica\u00e7\u00e3o de erros e falsas conclus\u00f5es. Quando publicadas por fontes confi\u00e1veis, estas informa\u00e7\u00f5es n\u00e3o s\u00f3 enganam o p\u00fablico, mas tamb\u00e9m a academia. Para citar\u00a0Chelsea Lu<\/a>\"...s\u00f3 porque \u00e9 publicado, n\u00e3o significa que esteja certo\".<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\u00c9 prov\u00e1vel que os jornalistas tamb\u00e9m tenham suas pr\u00f3prias agendas, de acordo com este relat\u00f3rio do Guardian<\/a>. s vezes, a inten\u00e7\u00e3o do escritor n\u00e3o \u00e9 apenas a comunica\u00e7\u00e3o cient\u00edfica, mas tamb\u00e9m a defesa e o ativismo. \u00c9 dif\u00edcil ouvir uma voz imparcial e puramente informativa entre tantas vozes, todas buscando a aten\u00e7\u00e3o e o p\u00fablico leitor. O Facebook e o Twitter tamb\u00e9m desempenham um papel na divulga\u00e7\u00e3o de not\u00edcias incorretas entre grupos espec\u00edficos de pessoas, levando \u00e0 cria\u00e7\u00e3o de \"c\u00e2maras de eco\", onde as pessoas que pensam da mesma forma l\u00eaem, digerem e compartilham as mesmas not\u00edcias entre si, acrescentando for\u00e7a \u00e0 desinforma\u00e7\u00e3o.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Uma solu\u00e7\u00e3o para desestimular e talvez reduzir a deturpa\u00e7\u00e3o da pesquisa na m\u00eddia \u00e9 conseguir que os jornalistas tenham seus artigos examinados por um especialista independente no assunto. Consultar um cientista<\/a>A Comiss\u00e3o de Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o do Estudo, que provavelmente est\u00e1 a par das \u00faltimas descobertas, pode ajudar o rep\u00f3rter a obter um feedback construtivo e uma imagem precisa das infer\u00eancias do estudo em quest\u00e3o. O especialista relevante tamb\u00e9m pode indicar ao jornalista os recursos certos que podem fornecer mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es ou contra-argumentos a um estudo em particular. Assim, o jornalista n\u00e3o s\u00f3 acaba economizando tempo e energia, mas tamb\u00e9m estar\u00e1 conversando com uma fonte confi\u00e1vel, que pode fornecer informa\u00e7\u00f5es valiosas para o relat\u00f3rio cient\u00edfico.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
No in\u00edcio de 2015, manchetes que retratavam o consumo de chocolate como uma forma de perder peso agarraram muitos globos oculares ao redor do mundo. O cientista que publicou esta pesquisa realmente conduziu o estudo, mas com a inten\u00e7\u00e3o de expor como \u00e9 f\u00e1cil para os jornalistas cient\u00edficos divulgar not\u00edcias n\u00e3o verificadas. O estudo em si teve uma s\u00e9rie de problemas que teriam levado a resultados imprecisos.\u00a0A NPR escreve<\/a>,\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
\"E, finalmente, nenhum dos rep\u00f3rteres que a cobriram pediu a um especialista externo que pesasse na pesquisa - procedimento operacional padr\u00e3o no bom jornalismo cient\u00edfico. Se o tivessem feito, um cientista astuto teria detectado os problemas com o desenho do estudo imediatamente\".<\/span><\/div>\n
\n

O jornalismo cient\u00edfico envolve pesquisa completa, verifica\u00e7\u00e3o rigorosa de fatos e verifica\u00e7\u00e3o a partir de m\u00faltiplas fontes. Nisso, o artigo bem balanceado<\/a> sobre os benef\u00edcios \u00e0 sa\u00fade da colagem, por exemplo, a CNBC estabelece as reivindica\u00e7\u00f5es de benef\u00edcios e links para fontes que ap\u00f3iam ou contestam cada reivindica\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"pexels-photo-267447\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Os jornalistas exercem um imenso poder na era digital, onde a informa\u00e7\u00e3o se espalha em segundos. Mas, como todos sabemos, com grande poder vem uma grande responsabilidade. O jornalismo cient\u00edfico respons\u00e1vel e bem pesquisado evita que o p\u00fablico seja mal informado e que os pesquisadores se baseiem em estudos err\u00f4neos. Ele ajuda a controlar a qualidade da informa\u00e7\u00e3o que flui de cientista para leitor e separa fatos da fic\u00e7\u00e3o, de modo que todos n\u00f3s temos um mundo que est\u00e1 mais consciente.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Um artigo recente da Vox relata que metade dos estudos sobre os quais voc\u00ea leu no jornal est\u00e3o errados. A principal raz\u00e3o, de acordo com este estudo (que tamb\u00e9m pode estar errado!), \u00e9 porque os jornalistas cient\u00edficos perseguem aquela manchete clara e inequ\u00edvoca que relata uma conclus\u00e3o espec\u00edfica. Infelizmente, estas manchetes s\u00e3o freq\u00fcentemente baseadas em um \u00fanico<\/p>\n

Leia mais<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":1787,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[314,147],"tags":[16,267,268],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHow to prevent misinformation in science journalism<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Half the scientific studies you read in the newspaper are wrong. How can we improve the quality of science journalism? 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