{"id":2396,"date":"2017-09-06T06:24:23","date_gmt":"2017-09-06T06:24:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/?p=2396"},"modified":"2020-11-09T05:05:05","modified_gmt":"2020-11-09T05:05:05","slug":"cell-lines-challenges-applications","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/fr\/cell-lines-challenges-applications\/","title":{"rendered":"Lign\u00e9es cellulaires - D\u00e9fis, applications et port\u00e9e de la recherche"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_45_1 counter-flat ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table des mati\u00e8res<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" area-label=\"ez-toc-toggle-icon-1\"><label for=\"item-69f1e1fc48a61\" aria-label=\"Table des mati\u00e8res\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;direction:ltr;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-69f1e1fc48a61\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/fr\/cell-lines-challenges-applications\/#Conflict_Surrounding_Application_of_Cell_Lines\" title=\"Conflit entourant l&#039;application des lign\u00e9es cellulaires\">Conflit entourant l'application des lign\u00e9es cellulaires<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/fr\/cell-lines-challenges-applications\/#Application_of_Cell_Lines\" title=\"Application des lign\u00e9es cellulaires\">Application des lign\u00e9es cellulaires<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/fr\/cell-lines-challenges-applications\/#The_Way_Forward\" title=\"La voie \u00e0 suivre\">La voie \u00e0 suivre<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>At the base of large scale experimental <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/fr\/ensuring-reproducibility-in-ai-driven-research-how-freelance-experts-can-help-in-biotech-and-healthcare\/\">recherche<\/a> sur <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/find-an-expert\/subject\/molecular-biology?utm_source=Blog_CellLines\">biologie mol\u00e9culaire<\/a> r\u00e9side dans l'utilisation des lign\u00e9es cellulaires. G\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es artificiellement, en croissance constante et instrumentales dans les d\u00e9couvertes en mati\u00e8re de diagnostic et de traitement, les lign\u00e9es cellulaires n'ont pas besoin d'\u00eatre pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es. Leur cat\u00e9gorisation primaire prend en compte les caract\u00e9ristiques morphologiques ainsi que le tissu racine pour l'isolement comme base de distinction. Cependant, des recherches \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 des diff\u00e9rences marqu\u00e9es entre les cellules primaires et les lign\u00e9es cellulaires d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es \u00e0 partir de celles-ci. Qu'est-ce qui fait de ces ingr\u00e9dients biologiques in vitro des ressources aussi constitutives pour la R&amp;D ? Quelles sont les raisons possibles de l'\u00e9cart dans leur applicabilit\u00e9 ? Ces questions ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9currentes pour l'industrie du d\u00e9veloppement de lign\u00e9es cellulaires (CLD). Ici, nous parlons des am\u00e9liorations qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 apport\u00e9es afin de rationaliser leur applicabilit\u00e9 et de r\u00e9duire les goulots d'\u00e9tranglement. Voici quelques applications des lign\u00e9es cellulaires<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conflict_Surrounding_Application_of_Cell_Lines\"><\/span>Conflit entourant l'application des lign\u00e9es cellulaires<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s des d\u00e9cennies de recherche sur des lign\u00e9es cellulaires continues, consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme pr\u00e9sentant une homog\u00e9n\u00e9it\u00e9 g\u00e9notypique et ph\u00e9notypique, les scientifiques disposent aujourd'hui d'un large \u00e9ventail de r\u00e9pertoires de lign\u00e9es cellulaires. Il existe 3600 lign\u00e9es cellulaires disponibles qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es \u00e0 partir de 150 esp\u00e8ces biologiques. En commen\u00e7ant par la lign\u00e9e de cellules de Sertoli de souris (MSC-1), Hepa1-6, HeLa, et les lign\u00e9es cellulaires clonales, le CLD s'est embarqu\u00e9 dans un tout nouveau voyage. Les chercheurs disposent d\u00e9sormais de diff\u00e9rentes lign\u00e9es cellulaires g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es artificiellement, au point que des cellules souches embryonnaires et de cordon ombilical sont utilis\u00e9es pour les nouveaux CLD.<\/p>\n<p>D'autre part, les chercheurs sont confront\u00e9s aux d\u00e9fis les plus difficiles de la manipulation des lign\u00e9es cellulaires, car cela conduit \u00e0 des r\u00e9sultats anormaux et \u00e0 un gaspillage pur et simple des ressources. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.4161\/spmg.19885\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gurvinder Kaur et al (2012)<\/a> ont montr\u00e9 que les cellules de Sertoli de souris avaient des caract\u00e9ristiques immunologiques plus importantes que les lign\u00e9es de MSC-1. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Damian_Marshall\/publication\/5775029_The_costs_of_using_unauthenticated_over-passaged_cell_lines_How_much_more_data_do_we_need\/links\/55daf2bf08aed6a199ab08dd.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hughes et al (2007)<\/a> a indiqu\u00e9 la perte de la qualit\u00e9 ph\u00e9notypique du 18-36% en raison d'une mauvaise identification et d'une contamination crois\u00e9e. R\u00e9cemment, <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2017-04-tools-optimize-cho-cell-lines.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cellules ovariennes de hamster chinois (CHO)<\/a> sont devenues de plus en plus difficiles \u00e0 utiliser pour synth\u00e9tiser une classe de produits biopharmaceutiques connus sous le nom de \"produits biologiques\". Par cons\u00e9quent, les raisons du manque d'applicabilit\u00e9 des lign\u00e9es cellulaires sont cit\u00e9es comme des fr\u00e9quences plus \u00e9lev\u00e9es de mutations dans les lign\u00e9es cellulaires, une s\u00e9lection clonale incontr\u00f4l\u00e9e dans les passages cellulaires et des limitations dans la transformation de ces lign\u00e9es en produits cliniquement pertinents. <em>in vitro<\/em> mod\u00e8les.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Application_of_Cell_Lines\"><\/span>Application des lign\u00e9es cellulaires<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>N\u00e9anmoins, les lign\u00e9es cellulaires restent les ressources les plus rentables et \u00e9thiquement viables pour effectuer des recherches scientifiques. Leur d\u00e9veloppement a \u00e9t\u00e9 id\u00e9alis\u00e9 pour leur homog\u00e9n\u00e9it\u00e9 ph\u00e9notypique et g\u00e9notypique sur des populations cellulaires r\u00e9currentes. Au cours des derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cennies, la viabilit\u00e9 et la facilit\u00e9 d'acc\u00e8s des lign\u00e9es cellulaires ont \u00e9t\u00e9 les raisons pour lesquelles presque tous les d\u00e9veloppements scientifiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 bas\u00e9s sur des lign\u00e9es cellulaires. Il n'est pas \u00e9tonnant qu'elles soient utilis\u00e9es pour la production d'anticorps, le d\u00e9veloppement de vaccins, les tests de m\u00e9dicaments, les \u00e9tudes de fonctions g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques, les \u00e9tudes de croissance de cellules canc\u00e9reuses et le d\u00e9veloppement de peau artificielle, entre autres.<\/p>\n<p>De nouvelles lign\u00e9es cellulaires sont continuellement d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es afin de trouver des biomarqueurs pour le cancer, les maladies de la peau, les dysfonctionnements pulmonaires et une meilleure visualisation des cellules tumorales. \u00c9tant donn\u00e9 que les lign\u00e9es cellulaires imitent l'homog\u00e9n\u00e9it\u00e9 cellulaire de presque tous les tissus humains et qu'elles sont utilis\u00e9es pour cr\u00e9er des mod\u00e8les in vitro, l'obtention et le maintien des lign\u00e9es cellulaires restent imp\u00e9ratifs, avec de nouvelles directives et de nouveaux protocoles \u00e9tablis chaque ann\u00e9e par les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s de CLD. Sigma Aldrich, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Lonza et The Horizon sont les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s qui ont continuellement d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 et fait \u00e9voluer les lign\u00e9es cellulaires en termes de variantes cytog\u00e9n\u00e9tiques.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Way_Forward\"><\/span>La voie \u00e0 suivre<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Face aux r\u00e9sultats contradictoires de l'utilisation des lign\u00e9es cellulaires par rapport aux lign\u00e9es cellulaires primaires, les chercheurs ont la lourde t\u00e2che de d\u00e9cider quelle ressource cellulaire doit \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e. La r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 cette question r\u00e9side dans <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/in\/en\/home\/life-science\/genome-editing\/genome-engineering-services\/cell-line-engineering-services.html\">M\u00e9thodes d'ing\u00e9nierie des lign\u00e9es cellulaires (CLE)<\/a> et en culture cellulaire 3D. Ces nouvelles approches sont bas\u00e9es sur l'obtention de cellules primaires humaines et\/ou de cellules animales \u00e0 partir de tissus racinaires et leur culture avec des milieux s\u00e9lectifs dans les 3 dimensions et permettant aux cellules de former des agr\u00e9gats en forme de sph\u00e8res, appel\u00e9s sph\u00e9ro\u00efdes. Les conditions de croissance pour les cultures cellulaires en 3D comprennent l'utilisation de tapis polym\u00e8res, par exemple des tapis de polystyr\u00e8ne, des fibres ECM \u00e0 base de polycarbonate, des tapis de collag\u00e8ne, et des substrats in vitro artificiels, connus sous le nom d'\u00e9chafaudages.<\/p>\n<p>CLE est une technologie avanc\u00e9e permettant aux CLD de concevoir des lign\u00e9es cellulaires en utilisant des produits CRISPR. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/cellculture\/how-can-cell-culture-help-you\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Thermo Fisher Scientific<\/a> con\u00e7oit de nouvelles lign\u00e9es cellulaires \u00e0 partir d'une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de lign\u00e9es cellulaires d\u00e9j\u00e0 disponibles, en fonction des exigences des projets de recherche demand\u00e9s par ses clients collaborateurs. Les \u00e9tudes sur les cellules canc\u00e9reuses, la croissance artificielle d'organes et les nouveaux traitements sont ainsi plus proches des tissus humains vivants, sans contamination ni mutations incontr\u00f4l\u00e9es. Il s'agit de l'application de lign\u00e9es cellulaires.<\/p>\n<p>Si vous cherchez \u00e0 consulter un expert ou \u00e0 collaborer avec un scientifique sur CLE, prenez contact avec une <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/find-an-expert?search=cell%20lines?utm_source=Blog_CellLines\">sp\u00e9cialiste qualifi\u00e9<\/a> sur Kolabtree.<\/p>\n<p><em>Bienvenue dans le futur !<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L'utilisation de lign\u00e9es cellulaires est \u00e0 la base de la recherche exp\u00e9rimentale \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle en biologie mol\u00e9culaire. G\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es artificiellement, en croissance continue et instrumentales dans les d\u00e9couvertes de diagnostics et de traitements, les lign\u00e9es cellulaires n'ont pas besoin d'\u00eatre pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es. Leur cat\u00e9gorisation primaire consid\u00e8re les caract\u00e9ristiques morphologiques ainsi que le tissu racine pour l'isolement comme la base de la distinction. Cependant, de grandes<\/p>\n<div class=\"read-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/fr\/cell-lines-challenges-applications\/\" title=\"Lire la suite\">Lire la suite<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":5574,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[442,247,443,435],"tags":[444],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.1 (Yoast SEO v20.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Cell Lines - Challenges, Applications and Scope of Research<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cell are the most cost-effective and ethically viable resources for performing scientific\u00a0research. 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