{"id":2239,"date":"2017-06-26T14:18:13","date_gmt":"2017-06-26T14:18:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/?p=2239"},"modified":"2017-06-26T14:57:21","modified_gmt":"2017-06-26T14:57:21","slug":"computational-biology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/es\/biologia-computacional\/","title":{"rendered":"Biolog\u00eda Computacional: Una ciencia interdisciplinaria e integradora"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>For many years, Biology, in general, was a discipline considered to be similar to library sciences, due to the practice of collecting specimens and samples and cataloging them. (I made a herbarium \u00a0for my high school project.) However, since the 1970s, the advancements in molecular biology and in allied areas of biological <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/es\/ensuring-reproducibility-in-ai-driven-research-how-freelance-experts-can-help-in-biotech-and-healthcare\/\">investigaci\u00f3n<\/a>, has made Biology diversified. It is no longer a library science. Also, the need for interdisciplinary research has become more prominent. This is evident,specifically in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, with scientists from diverse background expertise, working on a common problem. In the current scenario, with the advent of newer technologies and techniques, interdisciplinary and integrative scientific research skills are in high demand.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK22616\/\">La biolog\u00eda computacional y la bioinform\u00e1tica es una de las \u00e1reas en las que los cient\u00edficos con experiencia diversa dan resultados espectaculares<\/a>. La siguiente cita resume de forma elocuente las ventajas de la investigaci\u00f3n interdisciplinar e integradora.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/careers\/2003\/01\/benefits-interdisciplinary-research-our-experience-pathogen-bioinformatics\">Una de las cuestiones m\u00e1s fascinantes que hemos encontrado es la forma de pensar notablemente diferente que suele caracterizar a los bi\u00f3logos y a los inform\u00e1ticos<\/a>. El bi\u00f3logo re\u00fane conocimientos, suele describir su trabajo como si contara una historia, se esfuerza por sacar conclusiones y construir modelos, y aprecia que las excepciones son tan comunes como las reglas en nuestro mundo biol\u00f3gico. Si lo comparamos con el inform\u00e1tico orientado a la l\u00f3gica y a los procesos, para el que los objetivos son las reglas y la optimizaci\u00f3n, podemos encontrarnos con una posible falta de comunicaci\u00f3n. Los dos grupos, ante el mismo problema, har\u00e1n preguntas diferentes, captar\u00e1n detalles distintos, utilizar\u00e1n met\u00e1foras diferentes para describir el problema y llegar\u00e1n a la situaci\u00f3n con supuestos diferentes.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u00bfPor d\u00f3nde empezar?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>En Biolog\u00eda Computacional, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4940887\/\">se han implementado con \u00e9xito algoritmos no pensados ni inventados para resolver problemas biol\u00f3gicos y las herramientas desarrolladas han hecho avanzar enormemente el campo <\/a>[3]. Por ejemplo, la programaci\u00f3n din\u00e1mica, destinada a encontrar el camino m\u00e1s corto, se aplic\u00f3 con \u00e9xito para alinear secuencias (tanto alineaci\u00f3n global como local). Una extensi\u00f3n de la misma es BLAST, una herramienta popular y esencial para que los bi\u00f3logos identifiquen hom\u00f3logos para una secuencia dada. As\u00ed pues, el conocimiento de los algoritmos y su actualizaci\u00f3n con variantes de los mismos es esencial para un bi\u00f3logo computacional.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_2275\" style=\"width: 510px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2275\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-2275\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/technology-298256_1920-1024x546.jpg\" alt=\"technology-298256_1920\" width=\"500\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/technology-298256_1920-1024x546.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/technology-298256_1920-300x160.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/technology-298256_1920-768x410.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/technology-298256_1920-1536x819.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/technology-298256_1920-1080x576.jpg 1080w, https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/technology-298256_1920.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/technology-298256_1920-300x160@2x.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-2275\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Con el advenimiento de nuevas tecnolog\u00edas y t\u00e9cnicas, las habilidades de investigaci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica interdisciplinaria e integradora est\u00e1n muy solicitadas.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Si eres un bi\u00f3logo, tener el tiempo probado de trabajo rutinario de laboratorio, te har\u00eda preguntarte \"\u00a1realmente no tengo tiempo para esto!\". Y tiene raz\u00f3n. Pero, pi\u00e9nsalo de esta manera, el campo de la Biolog\u00eda Computacional y la Bioinform\u00e1tica, fue desarrollado y nutrido por pioneros fueron f\u00edsicos, bi\u00f3logos, qu\u00edmicos, estad\u00edsticos, etc. Salir de la zona de confort y escuchar a investigadores de otras \u00e1reas mientras se toma un caf\u00e9 o una copa es una excelente manera de pensar fuera de la caja. En este sentido, las conferencias son un campo de minas. En lugar de escuchar a alguien hablando de su investigaci\u00f3n (suponiendo que la investigaci\u00f3n se superpone en gran medida a tu \u00e1rea de inter\u00e9s, y lo m\u00e1s probable es que hayas escuchado su charla en otra ocasi\u00f3n), que acabar\u00e1 siendo le\u00edda por m\u00ed en unos meses; uno puede buscar charlas que tienen muy poco que ver con tu investigaci\u00f3n. Estas oportunidades proporcionan ideas para aplicar t\u00e9cnicas de otros campos a tu propia investigaci\u00f3n, m\u00e1s concretamente de Biolog\u00eda Computacional y Bioinform\u00e1tica.<\/p>\n<p>Si no te gusta conocer gente, las mejores alternativas son seguir Twitter, investigar en blogs y participar en foros de debate.<\/p>\n<p>No es necesario convertirse en un experto en todo. El objetivo es m\u00e1s bien conocer herramientas, recursos y m\u00e9todos que est\u00e1n pensados para otro fin, pero uno los modifica seg\u00fan sus necesidades. Por ejemplo, los algoritmos gen\u00e9ticos (AG) se inspiran en los eventos de recombinaci\u00f3n que se observan en la biolog\u00eda. Esto hace que las t\u00e9cnicas basadas en AG sean las m\u00e1s optimizadas y las m\u00e1s populares. Tambi\u00e9n cabe destacar que los m\u00e9todos de acoplamiento molecular basados en AG son igualmente populares en la biolog\u00eda computacional y la bioinform\u00e1tica, concretamente para el dise\u00f1o de f\u00e1rmacos.<\/p>\n<p>El potencial del uso de la estad\u00edstica, las matem\u00e1ticas, la inform\u00e1tica y el procesamiento de se\u00f1ales en la biolog\u00eda es inmenso. La clave para desarrollar una investigaci\u00f3n integradora es la comunicaci\u00f3n. La comunicaci\u00f3n con colegas de otros departamentos es la clave. Tambi\u00e9n ayuda la habilidad para ver hacia d\u00f3nde se dirige el campo. En los pr\u00f3ximos art\u00edculos se analizar\u00e1n algunas investigaciones interdisciplinarias en biolog\u00eda computacional que han dado resultados revolucionarios.<\/p>\n<p>El momento de las ciencias integradoras es ahora.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Durante muchos a\u00f1os, la Biolog\u00eda, en general, fue una disciplina considerada similar a las ciencias bibliotecarias, debido a la pr\u00e1ctica de recoger espec\u00edmenes y muestras y catalogarlos. (Yo hice un herbario para mi proyecto de instituto.) Sin embargo, desde la d\u00e9cada de 1970, los avances en biolog\u00eda molecular y en \u00e1reas afines de la investigaci\u00f3n biol\u00f3gica, han hecho que<\/p>\n<div class=\"read-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/es\/biologia-computacional\/\" title=\"Leer m\u00e1s\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":2274,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[247],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.1 (Yoast SEO v20.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Computational Biology: An Interdisciplinary, Integrative Science<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Computational biology and bioinformatics - how interdisciplinary research can be used to solve problems\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/es\/zh\/computational-biology\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Computational Biology: An Interdisciplinary, Integrative Science\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Computational biology and bioinformatics - 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He conducted postdoctoral research at Iowa State University (2009-2011), University of Wisconsin-Madison (2011-2012), and Rice University (2012-2014). Currently he is an Assistant Professor at Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Himachal Pradesh, India.","url":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/es\/author\/ragothaman\/"}]}},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2239"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2239"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2239\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2278,"href":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2239\/revisions\/2278"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2274"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2239"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2239"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2239"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}