{"id":1783,"date":"2017-03-07T10:33:38","date_gmt":"2017-03-07T10:33:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/?p=1783"},"modified":"2017-04-25T15:23:19","modified_gmt":"2017-04-25T15:23:19","slug":"misinformation-science-journalism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kolabtree.com\/blog\/es\/desinformacion-ciencia-periodismo\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f3mo evitar la desinformaci\u00f3n en el periodismo cient\u00edfico"},"content":{"rendered":"
A art\u00edculo reciente de Vox<\/a> reports that half of the studies you read about in the newspaper are wrong. The primary reason, according to this study (which could be wrong as well!), is because science journalists chase that one clear, unambiguous headline which reports a specific conclusion. Unfortunately these headlines are often based on a single study, which lowers the credibility of the investigaci\u00f3n<\/a> and paints an incomplete picture.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
Informes de PLOS<\/a> eso:\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
\"Los periodistas cubren preferentemente los hallazgos iniciales aunque a menudo son contradichos por los meta-an\u00e1lisis y rara vez informan al p\u00fablico cuando se desconfirman\".\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
Adem\u00e1s, los investigadores suelen tratar de replicar los resultados publicados, no de contradecirlos o desacreditarlos. Esto lleva a confiar en datos dudosos posiblemente publicados a partir de un \u00fanico estudio y a replicar errores y conclusiones falsas. Cuando es publicada por fuentes de confianza, esta informaci\u00f3n no s\u00f3lo enga\u00f1a al p\u00fablico sino tambi\u00e9n al mundo acad\u00e9mico. Para citar\u00a0Chelsea Lu<\/a>\"...que se publique no significa que sea correcto\".<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
Tambi\u00e9n es probable que los periodistas tengan sus propias agendas, seg\u00fan este informe de The Guardian<\/a>. A veces, la intenci\u00f3n del escritor no es s\u00f3lo la comunicaci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica, sino tambi\u00e9n la defensa y el activismo. Es dif\u00edcil escuchar una voz imparcial y puramente informativa entre tantas voces, todas ellas en busca de atenci\u00f3n y lectores. Facebook y Twitter tambi\u00e9n desempe\u00f1an un papel en la difusi\u00f3n de noticias incorrectas entre grupos espec\u00edficos de personas, lo que lleva a la creaci\u00f3n de \"c\u00e1maras de eco\", donde personas con ideas afines leen, digieren y comparten las mismas noticias entre s\u00ed, a\u00f1adiendo fuerza a la desinformaci\u00f3n.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Una soluci\u00f3n para desalentar y tal vez reducir la tergiversaci\u00f3n de la investigaci\u00f3n en los medios de comunicaci\u00f3n es hacer que los periodistas hagan revisar sus art\u00edculos por un experto independiente en la materia. Consultar a un cient\u00edfico<\/a>El especialista en la materia, que probablemente est\u00e9 al tanto de los \u00faltimos hallazgos, puede ayudar al reportero a obtener comentarios constructivos y una imagen precisa de las inferencias del estudio en cuesti\u00f3n. El especialista en cuesti\u00f3n tambi\u00e9n puede indicar al periodista los recursos adecuados que pueden aportar m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n o contraargumentos a un estudio concreto. De este modo, el periodista no s\u00f3lo acabar\u00e1 ahorrando tiempo y energ\u00eda, sino que tambi\u00e9n hablar\u00e1 con una fuente fiable que puede aportar valiosas contribuciones al informe cient\u00edfico.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
A principios de 2015, los titulares que presentaban el consumo de chocolate como una forma de perder peso acapararon muchas miradas en todo el mundo. El cient\u00edfico que public\u00f3 esta investigaci\u00f3n realiz\u00f3 realmente el estudio, pero con la intenci\u00f3n de exponer lo f\u00e1cil que es para los periodistas cient\u00edficos difundir noticias no verificadas. El estudio en s\u00ed ten\u00eda un mont\u00f3n de problemas que habr\u00edan llevado a resultados inexactos.\u00a0NPR escribe<\/a>,\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
\"Y, por \u00faltimo, ninguno de los reporteros que cubrieron el caso pidi\u00f3 a un experto externo que opinara sobre la investigaci\u00f3n, procedimiento habitual en el buen periodismo cient\u00edfico. Si lo hubieran hecho, un cient\u00edfico astuto habr\u00eda detectado inmediatamente los problemas del dise\u00f1o del estudio.\"<\/span><\/div>\n
\n

El periodismo cient\u00edfico implica una investigaci\u00f3n exhaustiva, una comprobaci\u00f3n rigurosa de los hechos y la verificaci\u00f3n de m\u00faltiples fuentes. En este art\u00edculo equilibrado<\/a> sobre los beneficios para la salud del collage, por ejemplo, la CNBC expone las afirmaciones sobre los beneficios y enlaza con fuentes que apoyan o rebaten cada afirmaci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"pexels-foto-267447\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Los periodistas tienen un poder inmenso en la era digital, donde la informaci\u00f3n se difunde en segundos. Pero, como todos sabemos, un gran poder conlleva una gran responsabilidad. Un periodismo cient\u00edfico responsable y bien documentado evita que la audiencia est\u00e9 mal informada y que los investigadores se basen en estudios err\u00f3neos. Ayuda a controlar la calidad de la informaci\u00f3n que fluye del cient\u00edfico al lector y separa los hechos de la ficci\u00f3n, para que todos tengamos un mundo mejor informado.\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un reciente art\u00edculo de Vox informa de que la mitad de los estudios que se leen en los peri\u00f3dicos son err\u00f3neos. La raz\u00f3n principal, seg\u00fan este estudio (\u00a1que tambi\u00e9n podr\u00eda ser err\u00f3neo!), es que los periodistas cient\u00edficos persiguen ese titular claro e inequ\u00edvoco que informa de una conclusi\u00f3n espec\u00edfica. Desgraciadamente, estos titulares se basan a menudo en un \u00fanico<\/p>\n

Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":1787,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[314,147],"tags":[16,267,268],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHow to prevent misinformation in science journalism<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Half the scientific studies you read in the newspaper are wrong. How can we improve the quality of science journalism? 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